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EMPIRICAL MODELING OF A LYSHOLM HELICAL SCREW EXPANDER

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EMPIRICAL MODELING OF A LYSHOLM HELICAL SCREW EXPANDER ( empirical-modeling-lysholm-helical-screw-expander )

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TESTING PROCEDURES 16 The domain of testing included water flow rates ranging frorn less than 0.5 lbmlsec to almost 2 lbrnlsec. Precise.contro1 of flow is difficult over so wide a range. The valve used, being big enough to handle the large flow rates, cannot precisely control the flow at low flow rates. This resulted not only'in a direct decrease in precision of control, but also in a lack of stability of the control system with the usual gain settings. At low flow ratios(l/l), the control gains had to be changed, sacrificing response time to achieve stability. This further increased-the difficulty i n achieving precise low flow ratios. Exhaust pressure was controlled with a pneumatic PI-type controller actuating a steam valve on an air ejector. The air ejector removes non-condensible gases from the condenser. Decreasing exhaust pressure increases speed and decreases inlet pressure. For high exhaust pressures the controller is not usable. Some exhaust pressures higher than those obtained when the a i r ejector is shut off are required for the model. To obtain these pressures, the exhaust flow must be manually controlled by adjusting the separator bypass valve. This is a slow process which limited the number of data points taken at high exhaust pressure. Data acceptance criteria were applied to the inlet pressure, the exhaust pressure, the engine speed and the flow ratio or inlet quality. An attempt was made to obtain three consecutive scans for each data point. The data for each scan had to meet the acceptance criteria. The scans were averaged to produce the data used for each point. The practice of obtaining three scans originated in earlier tests when there was much noise in the flow signals. Three scans were then required to average out the noise. Currently, obtaining three scans simply serves to demonstrate t h a t steady s t a t e conditions have been reached. Inlet pressure was monitored as the saturation temperature. The resolution of the temperature measurment was 1OF. 341 OF, \

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