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? Exheat = – ΔExheat-hot . = m [hi –he –To (se –si)] (9) Energy and exergy analysis of an efficient organic Rankine cycle for low temperature power generation Sami = 1 – Exdest / Exinput (8) Furthermore, the second law efficiency can be given as follows: ηII = Exoutput / Exinput (14) Exoutput = (Δh – To (Δs) )turbine, net (15) DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS In order to analyse the ORC cycle using our quaternary refrigerant mixture the aforementioned equations have been programmed and coupled with the REFPROP program, Mc Linden [10] to obtain the thermodynamic and thermophysical properties of the mixture in question. The use of the mixture offers the following benefits: operates at low pressure under 200 psi (1379 kPa) and low temperatures, low source heat temperatures under 100oF (37oC), environmentally sound, non toxic, non flammable and low maintenance and repair costs. It is scalable utilising mass-produced off the shelf components and has high efficiency 20% – 30%. A comparative study has been made between the behaviour of our mixture and other refrigerants reported in the literature of similar applications. The system simulation of the various refrigerants: R-11, R-114, R-54fa and our mixture R-125, R-134a,R-123,R-124 under operating conditions; 235oF (112oC) and 230 psi (1585 kPa) at the waste heat boiler exit and 85oF (29oC) and 10 psi (68 kPa) at the condenser inlet. System capacity is 125 kW. The schematic diagram of the system simulated is shown in Figure 4, where our ORC is retrofitted to a CHP system. The CHP system is a gas turbine system with a steam generator. Typically the temperature of the flue gases at the gas turbine where Exheat represents the rate of exergy transfer associated with transfer of heat, Exdest is the rate of exergy destruction and Wnet represents the net work. In this paper the thermal exergy rate is expressed in terms of the decrease of the hot fluid: Exheat = – ΔExheat-hot . = m [hi –he –To To (se –si)](si –se)] (9) The subscripts, i, and e, refer to the inlet and. exit states of the fluid in the heat exchanger and m is the mass flow rate of the fluid circulating in the ORC. Finally the ORC efficiency based upon the rate of exergy destruction is: . ηex = (Wnet,out +m[hi –he –To (si –se)]/Exinput and the rate of exergy input is: . Exinput = m [he –hi –To (se –si)] (10) (11) In the particular case of heat recovery across a waste heat boiler: . Exinput = m [Cp (Te –Ti –To (se –si)] and the entropy change of flue gases is: (se –si) = Cp Ln(Te /Ti) (12) (13) Gas Turbine System Waste Heat Boiler Condenser True Energy’s ORC Regenerator Figure 4 Schematic diagram for ORC retrofitted with Gas Turbine/ CHP System. Steam Waste Heat Boiler 005PDF Image | Energy and exergy analysis of an efficient organic Rankine cycle for low temperature power generation
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