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1.4 Multigeneration Energy Systems A multigeneration energy system refers to a system with more than three different purposes from the same source of input energy (the prime mover). These purposes can include electricity, cooling, heating, hot water, hydrogen and fresh water. These systems should be considered for residential application, power plants and other places where numerous useful outputs are required. It must be noted that the location and requirements of its application are major factors the design of a multigeneration energy system. As a clear example, in a place where the need for fresh water is vital, any multigeneration system meant to address the need must prioritize this purpose. In the literature, there are not yet any studies on focused on analyzing and optimizing multigeneration energy systems. These systems are now being considered as a solution to global warming problems, which among the major challenges in this century. It is worth mentioning that different methods are available to achieve each purpose of multigeneration energy systems; this is why the application of each subsystem is very important in meeting the system's requirements. Fig. 1.6 shows a practical multigeneration energy system to produce electricity, cooling, power and domestic hot water that works based on a gas turbine Brayton cycle. In order to produce saturated steam in this multigeneration system, a dual pressure heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) is used. High pressure saturated steam enters a steam turbine to produce electricity while lower pressure steam works as an absorption chiller heat input into the generator. In order to produce the cooling demand, a single effect absorption chiller with Li- Br water as working fluid is employed. Saturated liquid leaves the generator, which is then used to heat up water using a domestic water heater. According to the concept of a Rankine cycle, the condenser rejects an amount of heat. This heat could be considered either for the space heating application or for a thermochemical water splitting cycle to produce hydrogen. As illustrated in this figure, where the fuel is just injected into the combustion chamber, it can be concluded that this system has less environmental impact compared to GT cycles, CHP systems and trigeneration energy systems. The reason is due to this fact that waste heat from GT and CHP systems is used to produce cooling and heating applications. Energy efficiency of this cycle could be higher than 70%. This multigeneration system could be used to produce hydrogen, another valuable purpose. In this case, a part of the produced electricity could be used to run an electrolyzer to produce hydrogen, which could then be used for either hybrid electric vehicles or to produce electricity using a fuel cell. As shown in Fig. 1.7, flue gases leave the HRSG at a 29PDF Image | Energy Systems for Multigeneration Purposes
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