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temperature difference between the hot heat source and the cold heat sink can improve the efficiency of OTEC plants, as can the integration of OTEC with other energy technologies. Saitoh and Yamada [88] proposed a conceptual design of a multiple Rankine-cycle system using both solar thermal energy and ocean thermal energy in order to improve the cycle efficiency. Fig. 4.3 shows a schematic diagram of an integrated OTEC system equipped with a flat plate and PV/T solar collector, a reverse osmosis (RO) desalination unit, a single effect absorption chiller and PEM electrolyzer. This integrated system uses the warm surface seawater to evaporate a working fluid such as ammonia or a Freon refrigerant, which drives an ORC turbine to produce electricity, which in turn is used to drive a PEM electrolyzer to produce hydrogen. After passing through the turbine, the vapor is condensed in a heat exchanger that is cooled by cold deep seawater. The working fluid is then pumped back through the warm seawater heat exchanger, and the cycle is repeated continuously. Warm surface water is pumped from the ocean surface at point 1. A warm surface pump increase the pressure where the high pressure warm water enters a flat plate collector at point 2 to increase its temperature. Water enters an evaporator at point 3 and after a heat exchange with the ORC fluid, leaves the evaporator at point 4 where it is flushed back to the ocean surface. A PV/T solar panel is considered to provide the cooling load of the system. Air enters the PV/T panel at point 41 and, after absorbing the sun’s heat using its panels, its temperature increases. Next, the hot air leaves the PV/T at point 40 and enters the absorption chiller generator in order to run the chiller. The electricity generated by PV/T is directed to derive a RO desalination plant to produce fresh water. In this multigeneration system, a provision of the electricity generated by OTEC plant is used to produce hydrogen using a PEM electrolyzer at point 22. The produced hydrogen is stored in a hydrogen storage tank for later usage. 56PDF Image | Energy Systems for Multigeneration Purposes
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