PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 063
often desirable to break it down into smaller subsystems. In this case, optimization should be done on each subsystem independently, i.e., sub-optimization of the subsystems is performed. 5.4.1 Objective functions and system criteria The next step in an optimization problem is to define the system criteria, which is sometimes called the objective function. The objective function is based on the desire or purpose of the decision maker, and it can be either maximized or minimized. Optimization criteria can vary widely. For instance, it can be based on efficiency (energy, exergy or other efficiencies), economic (total capital investment, total annual levelized costs, cost of exergy destruction, and cost of environmental impact), technological (production rate, production time and total weight) and/or environmental (rate of emitted pollutants). Note that we can consider more than one objective function to find the optimal solution for an optimization problem. This method is called multi-objective optimization [47]. 5.4.2 Decision variables Another essential element in formulating an optimization problem is the selection of the independent decision variables that adequately characterized the possible design options. To select these decision variables, it is important to (a) include all important variables that could affect the performance and cost effectiveness of the system, (b) not include variables with minor importance, and (c) distinguish among independent variables whose values are amenable to change. In each optimization problem, only decision variables are changing. Variables whose values are calculated from the independent variables using mathematical models are dependent variables. 5.4.3 Constraints The constraints in a given design problem arise due to limitations on the ranges of the physical variables, basic conservation principles which must be satisfied and other limitations. The restrictions on the variables may arise due to the space, equipment, and materials that are being employed. These may restrict, for example, the dimensions of the system, the highest temperature that the components can safely attain, the allowable pressure, the material flow rate, the force generated, and so on. Also, minimum values of the temperature may be specified for 63PDF Image | Energy Systems for Multigeneration Purposes
PDF Search Title:
Energy Systems for Multigeneration PurposesOriginal File Name Searched:
Ahmadi_Pouria.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)