Energy Systems for Multigeneration Purposes

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Energy Systems for Multigeneration Purposes ( energy-systems-multigeneration-purposes )

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5.5.2.1 Exergy balance equations of a gas turbine based multigeneration system Here, the exergy of each flow is calculated at all states and the changes in exergy are determined for each major component. The exergy destructions for all components in this multigeneration system are shown in Table 5.2. Since in this multigeneration energy system, a combustion reaction occurs in combustion chamber, it is important to calculate the chemical exergy where combustion takes place and where the solution is not real such as LiBr solution. Chemical exergy is equal to the maximum amount of work that can be obtained when a substance is brought from the reference-environment state to the dead state by a process including heat transfer and exchange of substances only with the reference environment. The maximum work is attained when the process is reversible. Alternatively, chemical exergy can also be viewed as the exergy of a substance that is at the reference-environment state. Chemical exergy is also equivalent to the minimum amount of work necessary to produce a substance at the reference-environment state from the constituents in the reference environment. Chemical exergy has two main parts, reactive exergy resulting from the chemical reactions necessary to produce species which do not exist as stable components in the reference environment, and concentration exergy resulting from the difference between the chemical concentration of a species in a system and its chemical concentration in the reference environment [47]. The concentration part is related to the exergy of purifying or diluting a substance, such as separating oxygen from air. As shown in Fig. 4.1, combustion reaction occurs in combustion chamber where the energy of fuel is converted to increase the temperature at gas turbine inlet temperature. Since chemical component of the gasses leaving the combustion chamber differ from the one in the reference environment, we should use chemical exergy of mixture to calculate the chemical exergy at at point 3 in Fig. 4.1.Therefore, we should first define the partial pressures and molar fractions of various constituents of air. The partial pressure Pi and molar fraction of each of these substances in air at a given relative humidity is given in Table 5.3. 80

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