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Table 3.2 Important characteristics for the gas cooler configurations and DHW storage tank designs presented in Figure 3.5 through 3.7. SYSTEM GC1 T1.1 T1.2 T1.3 GC2.1 T2.1 GC2.2 GC2.3 GC2.4 T2.1 T2.1 T2.1 INT 1 High-temp. SH 1) High-temp. DHW 2) Techn. complexity 3) DHW Pump 4) COP SH mode 5) COP DHW mode 6) COP Comb. mode 7) Yes Yes Lower Yes Lower Higher Lower Yes Yes Lower Yes Higher Higher Lower No Yes Lower Yes Higher Higher Lower Yes No Lower Yes Higher Higher Lower INT INT INT INT 2345 No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Higher Lower Lower Lower Lower Lower Yes No Yes No No No Higher Higher Lower Lower Lower Lower Higher Lower Lower Lower Lower Lower Higher Lower Lower Lower Lower Lower 1) Capability of providing high-temperature space heating in the Combined mode (tSH>50oC) 2) Capability of providing high-temperature DHW in the Combined mode (tDHW>60oC) 3) Technical complexity of the gas cooler units, heat exchangers and DHW storage tank system compared to the baseline CO2 heat pump system: Higher = as baseline system, Lower = simpler than baseline system 4) Requirement of a pump in the DHW circuit – required electric input power to the pump 5) COP in the space heating (SH) mode: Higher = same COP as baseline system, Lower = lower COP than baseline system 6) COP in the domestic hot water (DHW) heating mode: Higher = same COP, Lower = lower COP than the baseline system 7) COP in the Combined heating mode: Higher = same COP, Lower = lower COP than the baseline system 3.4 Evaluation of Integrated CO2 Heat Pump Systems with a Tripartite Gas Cooler A 6.5 kW prototype brine-to-water CO2 heat pump system for combined space heating and hot water heating has been extensively tested and analyzed (Stene, 2004). A number of gas cooler configurations were evaluated, and it was found that a counter-flow tripartite gas cooler for preheating of domestic hot water (DHW), low-temperature space heating and reheating of DHW, would enable production of DHW in the required temperature range from 60 to 85oC, and contribute to the highest possible COP for the heat pump unit. Figure 3.9 shows the principle of the integrated CO2 heat pump system. Figure 3.8 The prototype CO2 heat pump unit for space heating and hot water heating (Stene, 2004). International Energy Agency (IEA) Heat Pump Programme – Annex 32 – Workshop in Kyoto, Japan – December 6th, 2007 10PDF Image | INTEGRATED CO2 HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
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