PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 005
Typical technological characteristics for production of small scale CHP (Source: Climtech programme, VTT) Diesel/gas engine Micro turbine Stirling engine ORC Steam engine Capacity range (kWe) 15-10000 25-250 10-150 200-1500 20-1000 Electrical efficiency (%) 30-38 15-35 15-35 10-20 15-35 Thermal efficiency (%) 45-50 50-60 50-60 70-85 40-70 Overall efficiency (%) 75-85 75-85 75-85 85-95 75-85 Heat production (oC) 85-100 85-100, steam 60-80 80-100 steam Lifetime (h) ? 50000-75000 50000-60000 ? > 50000 Present level of market penetration Diesel and gas engines are internal combustion engines that are very well established and therefor already on the market, with around 8000 installed in total in the EU. The ones employing biomass based fuels are few, only 1% of all biomass CHP technologies in operation. The breakthrough of the micro turbine has not yet been achieved in Europe. However, in the USA they are often used and have therefore already reached high technological maturity. Micro turbine systems are now at demonstration stage to market maturity and they are expected to be commercially available within 8 years. The share of micro turbines utilising biofuels is, similarly to internal combustion engines, only 1% of all biomass CHP technologies in operation. CHP plants with Stirling engines are close to market maturity. At the moment they are at pilot stage of development. Intensive research is amongst others done at the research institute Joanneum Research in Graz and Technical University of Denmark, where they are concentrating on tests with a biomass firing equipment. 3% of all operational biomass fired co- generation plants are based on Stirling engine technology. In electricity generation ORC technology is still relatively new and is on the point of achieving a breakthrough. This process has attained a high level of development and demonstration units are already in operation. In fact, according to study carried out in spring 2003, there were nine biomass-fired ORC plants that had came into operation in Germany, Austria and Switzerland between 1998 and 2002, and a further eleven plants were under construction and in addition, several at the planning stage. Steam engines represent the most common technology in the area of small-scale biomass co-generation, and yet it is the only alternative for small-scale electricity production from biomass that can be considered to be fully commercially available. However, in the capacity range below 300 kWe the technology is not largely proven. In Finland there are some biomass CHP applications based on diesel/gas engine technology. First operational micro turbine manufactured by Capstone Corporation of USA was installed in October 2003 at Stora Enso Oyj Imatra Mills: the output power of the turbine is 30 kW and it utilises the landfill gas. Stirling engines are the focus of many R&D organisations, mainly Finnish universities in which the engines are used for teaching purposes, similarly to ORC technology, which has been under R&D since the 1980’s. At the moment there are no Stirling or ORC units in “real utilisation” in Finland. What comes to biomass-fired steam turbines, or rather steam engines in the output range under 300 kWe, there are no operational units. [Contribution from partners] The main actors and stakeholders in the EU The biggest engine developers and manufacturers in Finland are ABB, Wärtsilä and Sisu-diesel. In terms of micro turbine systems, it is Greenenvironment that provides advanced technologies and solutions for biogas utilisation and acts as a Finnish pioneer in the field of utilising micro turbine technology. Greenenvironment and Capstone Turbine Corporation of USA signed co-operation agreement in 2002, and so Greenenvironment is an authorised sales OPET RES-e - NNE5/37/2002 Boosting local technology uptake – an OPET action to support the objectives of the RES-e Directive 5PDF Image | Micro and small-scale CHP from biomass less than 300 kWe
PDF Search Title:
Micro and small-scale CHP from biomass less than 300 kWeOriginal File Name Searched:
20041021033834.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)