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that may be able to reduce the seal leakage by up to order of magnitude compared to the stepped labyrinth seal. Several tests using a variety of seal types have been tested but are not reported here. 5.5.2.1 Gas-Foil Bearing Test Results The gas foil bearings, (both the thrust and the journal bearings) were operated for several hours in June 2009 using the Sandia compression loop. Figure 5-22 through Figure 5-25 show the results from one test that lasted approximately 20 minutes. This test operated the gas foil bearings with the compressor on the shaft (but no turbine) at speeds of 27,000 rpm up to 40,000 rpm. Figure 5-22 shows the speed and gas bearing temperature as a function of time for this test. The shaft initially started at 27,000 rpm then increased to 40,000 rpm. The thermistors measured the gas temperature at the exit of the journal or thrust bearing as described in the previous section of this report. Btemp1 (magenta) is the compressor journal bearing temperature. Btemp2 (yellow) is the “turbine” journal bearing temperature (but there is no turbine). It was cooled by a manually controlled valve that flows a small amount of CO2 on the bearing. The green line shows the thrust bearing temperature. As can be seen the bearing temperatures are well behaved and do not exceed temperatures the system can be operated indefinitely. The most interesting aspect of this test is that until 950 seconds the gas bearing temperatures are much cooler than the compressor inlet temperature (88-92°F). This is because the expanding CO2 through the labyrinth seals flashes to liquid at the rotor cavity pressure of 750 psia which has a saturation temperature of 65°F. This means that the compressor thrust and journal bearings are operating on saturated CO2 which is a mixture of gas and liquid. Until this test it was not obvious that the gas foil bearings could operate successfully on liquids, but this test confirms it. This effectively opens the operating envelop for these types of gas-foil bearings. This could have significant benefits for transients operations and for startup and shutdown transients. 71PDF Image | Operation and Analysis of a Supercritical CO2 Brayton Cycle
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