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Heated Un-Recuperated Loop Contol Signals 0.025 50000 45000 0.02 40000 35000 0.015 30000 25000 0.01 20000 15000 0.005 10000 5000 00 11960 11980 12000 12020 12040 12060 12080 Time(s) Figure 5-40: Control positions during the spin test. Heater controller 1 and 2 were operating at ~9 mA and 8 mA, respectively. As these are 4-10 mA controllers , we estimate the total power to be ~78. kW. The measured data shown above provide the temperature and pressure at the inlet and outlet of every component in the loop. With this information, it is possible to estimate the enthalpy change and power of that component, given the measured flow rate. The initial results of this analysis are shown in Figure 5-41 and Figure 5-42. The power transferred to the fluid in the heater and the gas chiller is shown in Figure 5-41. Note that the values are nearly identical indicating that initially the system was near steady- state. During the high speed transient the heaters and gas chiller initially began to transfer approximately 300 kW but quickly settled down to approximately 80 kW which is near the electrical heater power. If true steady state conditions were achieved the gas chiller should be rejecting the heater power plus the motor power (~ 10 kW), but this is not observed in this simple analysis. This may simply be, because the mass flow rate was not adjusted to account for leakage flows. Also for the magnitude of the heat being transferred (~80 kW), one could easily envision uncertainties due to transient heat transfer effects on the order of a few kWs which could easily obscure these secondary effects. The estimated power in the turbine (magenta) and the compressor (yellow) are shown in Figure 5-42. Notice that the turbine power nearly equals the compressor power but exceeds the compressor power by a few kW near the end of the transient. This indicates that the turbine was producing more power than the compressor was consuming, which means we were close to break-even conditions. Also note that the motor power (brown) is very close to the windage power (purple), which further indicates near break-even conditions. As mentioned, this analysis is not complete and we have not taken into account the leakage flow rates, nor have we accounted for the heat losses to plumbing due to transient heating and cooling effects. Two other similar transients at lower temperatures were performed (not shown), and they all Heater Control 1 MC FlowValve Water Control Heater Control 2 RPM1 88 Current (Amp) RPMPDF Image | Operation and Analysis of a Supercritical CO2 Brayton Cycle
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