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Organic Rankine Cycle Solar-Thermal Powerplants

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Organic Rankine Cycle Solar-Thermal Powerplants ( organic-rankine-cycle-solar-thermal-powerplants )

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Figure 4.15 shows the energy density for each theoretical organic Rankine cycle and SEGS VI. The Steam cycle has the highest energy density, with toluene a close second and the best performing organic fluid. N-dodecane has an extremely low energy density, eliminating it from practical consideration and helping to explain why it has no history of use in ORC applications. A negligible pressure drop across the recuperator is a not a realistic assumption. A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the implications of this assumption. Figure 4.16 shows that the effect of recuperator pressure drop varies widely between the candidate working fluids. This variation is related to saturation pressure, as turbine performance is related to the expansion pressure ratio (inlet/outlet). A fixed pressure drop will have a larger impact on turbine pressure ratio for cycles with very low condensing pressures. It follows, then, that n-dodecane has both the lowest energy density and largest sensitivity to recuperator pressure-drop. Figure 4.14: Gross and net efficiency for the three ORC working fluids and the SEGS VI plant 59

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