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Organic Rankine Cycle Solar-Thermal Powerplants

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Organic Rankine Cycle Solar-Thermal Powerplants ( organic-rankine-cycle-solar-thermal-powerplants )

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74 change on account of the origin of the thermal resource it utilizes. It is the solar field, and its performance coupling to the power cycle that complicates the analysis. In order to be consistent with the other analyses, a constant solar field outlet temperature and mass flow rate (thermal resource) is assumed and the solar field size necessary to provide this resource determined. In addition, a constant solar field mass flow rate eliminates the complication of variations in pumping loads. Based on finite-time power cycle analysis, it is possible to determine the size of the solar field that would be necessary to drive a power cycle operating at a specific point in the power-efficiency plane. Figure 5.7 shows results of the ideal power cycle analysis in which the power cycle heat addition is assumed to be directly proportional to solar field size (dashed lines). Solar field thermal losses are typically small enough such that this approximation captures basic solar field performance. The ideal cycle case is shown here for graphical clarity, but recall all real power cycles demonstrate the same fundamental relationship between power output, efficiency and heat exchanger conductance (UA). Figure 5.7 shows that the required size of the solar field for a fixed power depends on the efficiency of the power cycle. Operating the power cycle at the CNCA efficiency requires a larger solar field than that required for a cycle operating at a higher efficiency and the same power (points A and B in Figure 5.7). Investing in a more efficient power cycle reduces the required solar field expenditure for a fixed power. However, as the maximum efficiency for a given power is approached, increasing power cycle size (UA) returns strongly diminishing gains in efficiency for a given power output.

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