PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 006
a surface vessel, called a steam separator. The steam is delivered to the turbine, and the turbine powers a generator. The liquid is injected back into the reservoir. Dry-Steam Power Plant In a geothermal dry-steam power plant, steam is withdrawn directly from an underground geothermal reservoir and used to run the turbines that power the generator. Because there is no water, the steam separator used in a flash plant is not necessary. These plants composed about half of U.S. installed capacity in 2012 and are all located in California.7 Binary Power Plant Binary geothermal plants have made it possible to produce electricity from resources lower than 150°C. These new plants have greatly expanded the U.S. industry’s geographical footprint, especially in the last decade. In binary systems, geothermal water is passed through a heat exchanger in order to heat another liquid called a working fluid, which boils at a lower temperature than water. When the working fluid vaporizes, the force of the expanding vapor turns the turbines to power the generators. The geothermal water is then injected back into the reservoir in a closed loop system that is separated from groundwater sources. Because binary plants use closed-loop systems, these plants boast near-zero GHG emissions. However, some particulate matter (PM) is emitted from the cooling systems of these power plants. Recently, most new plants that have come online in the U.S. have been binary systems.8 Enhanced Geothermal Systems Enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) refer to the engineering of conditions at a site to create a reservoir which then has the potential to produce geothermal energy. A geothermal system requires heat, permeability, and water, so EGS techniques make up for reservoir deficiencies in any of these areas. EGS technologies enhance existing fracture networks in rock, introduce water or another working fluid, or otherwise build on a geothermal reservoir that would be difficult or impossible to derive energy from using only conventional technologies. Distributed Generation, Small Power, Co-Production Traditional geothermal power can be used in small community-based power systems, such as the campus at Oregon Institute of Technology or the community system envisioned for Canby, California. Additionally, geothermal water is a natural byproduct of oilfield production processes. Much of the 25 billion barrels of water produced at oil wells each year in the U.S., long considered unusable “wastewater,” is hot enough to produce electricity through geothermal co-production. Many oil or gas wells could have clean energy capacities of up to 1 MW. A 1 MW power generator is small in conventional power generation terms, but the potential for hundreds of these to be brought on line within a short period of time is promising.9 It appears likely that most small power and EGS systems will utilize binary power cycles or a similar advanced power system technology. Capacity Factor The capacity factor of a power plant is the ratio of its actual output over a period of time to its potential output if it were possible for it to operate continuously at full capacity. Figure 2 provides national 7 GEA 8 Ibid. 9 Ibid. 6PDF Image | Promoting Geothermal Energy
PDF Search Title:
Promoting Geothermal EnergyOriginal File Name Searched:
Air_Emissions_Comparison_and_Externality_Analysis_Publication.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |