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capacity factor information for assorted energy sources. As Figure 2 demonstrates, geothermal plants have higher capacity factors than most other renewables and even higher than coal and natural gas. 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 90% 31% 85% 21% 93% 50% 85% 80% 38% 43% Figure 2: Capacity Factors for Assorted Energy Sources Source: DOE and NREL “Transparent Costs Database” Note: Blue dots represent estimate for the average capacity factor of each technology. Geothermal Air Emissions 95% 95% 90% One of the significant benefits of geothermal energy, besides its incredibly high capacity factor, is its extremely low air emission rate. Flash and dry-steam plants emit about 5% of the carbon dioxide, 1% of the sulfur dioxide, and less than 1% of the nitrous oxide emitted by a coal-fired plant of equal energy capacity, and binary geothermal plants produce near-zero emissions.10 Geothermal power does not involve direct combustion of the primary energy resource. Flash and dry- steam geothermal plants release some gases into the atmosphere during the power conversion process due to the presence of naturally-occurring dissolved gases contained in geothermal fluids. However, it is difficult to distinguish between natural and anthropogenic emissions associated with geothermal resource development. There is a lack of baseline data for naturally-occurring GHG emissions released from undeveloped geothermal sites.11 These questions are explored further in GEA’s November 2012 paper, “Geothermal Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions.” 10 Holm et al. 2012 11 Ibid. 26% 84% 85% 85% 81% 7PDF Image | Promoting Geothermal Energy
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