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Geo Emissions GHG Emission Factors Step 1 Geothermal emissions data from California Air Resource Board (CARB) and EPA A value that relates the quantity of a pollutant released with an activity associated with the release of that pollutant (e.g., pounds of CO2 per MWh of electricity generated from a power plant, lbs CO2/MWh) The average yearly power generated was broken down into the electricity produced by each geothermal plant type based on fraction of installed capacity: 47% from dry-steam (DS) plants, 29% flash, and 24% binary.20 Avg. Geo Energy ≈ 14,982 GWh Step 2 In Step 2, the average yearly power generated was broken down by electricity produced by each geothermal plant type. For example 47% of installed capacity is dry-steam. So it was assumed 47% of power generation also came from dry-steam or 7,041 GWh of the 14,982 GWh. Avg. Geo Energy = 14,982 GWh 7,041 GWh 4,344 GWh 3,595 GWh DS Power Flash Power Binary Power Step 3 Step 3 is divided into two parts. First, actual emissions of geothermal plants were taken from two sources, the California Air Resource Board (CARB), and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Because of the difficulty of obtaining complete information on actual geothermal emissions, using two data sets was necessary to create a complete picture of geothermal emissions. Information on SO2 emissions was taken from the EPA data and information on CO2, N2O and CH4 emissions was taken from the CARB data.21 Second, actual geothermal emissions (lbs/MWh) were multiplied by MWh generated by plant type estimated in Step 2 to estimate total yearly emissions from geothermal energy. Emissions (lbs/MWh) X DS Power (MWh) = DS Emissions (lbs) Emissions (lbs/MWh) X Flash Power (MWh) = Flash Emissions (lbs) Emissions (lbs/MWh) X Binary Power (MWh) = Binary Emissions (lbs) Step 4 Using a variety of sources from the EIA and EPA, a series of emission levels were chosen or estimated for each fossil fuel. If a value for each gas in convertible units to lbs/ MWh was not found, one was estimated by multiplying the emissions factor by consumption and dividing by net generation. 20 EIA 2013b, GEA 21 CARB 2012, EPA 2012 11PDF Image | Promoting Geothermal Energy
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