Radial Outflow Turbine for Solar Steam Rankine Engines

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Radial Outflow Turbine for Solar Steam Rankine Engines ( radial-outflow-turbine-solar-steam-rankine-engines )

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An analytical investigation was conducted to determine the performance characteristics of various s t e m Rankine engine con- figurationsforsolarelectricpowergeneration. Theanalysiswas based upon an advanced steam turbine developed by Energy Technology Inc. Therangeofinterestforthestudywasdefinedbylimiting the following parameters: TurbineInletTemperature: 6OOOPto1300OF TurbineInletPressure: 400PSIAto2000PSIA CondensingTemperature: 6S0Fto130°F PowerOutput: 100KWto5000KW. The engine configurations analyzed resulted in Rankine cycle effi- ciencies from 25 percent to 44 percent not including losses. The effects of rotating equipment losses and auxiliary power requirements were analyzed t o obtain engine efficiencies for a completepowerconversionsubsystem. Withintherangeofinterest, the above losses resulted in engine efficiencies 9 to 17 percent less than the computed cycle efficiencies. Off design engine efficiency was studied based on component partloadperformance. Enginepartloadefficiencywasfoundto decline uniformly until approximately 20 percent of full load, where the rate of decrease of engine efficiency increased significantly. ETI'ssteamturbinewasinvestigatedtodetermine: (1)a methodforpredictingperformancefromexperimentaldata, (2) tie flexibility of a single design with regard to power output and pressureratio,and (3) theeffectofvaryingthenumberofturbine stages. Allturbinedesignswererestrictedtobecompatiblewith commercially available gearboxes and generators. Several operating methods and control schemes for the steam Rankineenginewereinvestigated. Fromanefficiencyandcontrol simplicitystandpoint,thebestapproachwas: (1)holdturbine inlet temperature constant, (2) vary turbine inlet pressure to match load, and (3) allow condenser temperature to float main- taining constant heat rejection load. 1

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