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Radial Outflow Turbine for Solar Steam Rankine Engines

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Radial Outflow Turbine for Solar Steam Rankine Engines ( radial-outflow-turbine-solar-steam-rankine-engines )

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Due to the difficulty of translating all of the reference data, a decision was made to utilize the Re definition based on the tur- bine tip radius (rt), rather than the conventional one based on thewettedperimeter(W) oftheflowarea. To maintain relative simplicity in the turbine efficiency calculation procedure, some assumptions were made regarding the radialoutflowturbinegeometry. Theseresultedincompromises on the optimum turbine efficiency, but produced results of suffi- cientaccuracyfortheobjectivesofthestudy. Theseassumptions are summarized as follows: 1. A blade exit angle of 18O was used. ET1 has con- structed blade rows with exit angles less than l8O, but due to the high exit volumetric flow rates associated with many of the cycles within the range of interest, the above value was specified. 2. The last stage tip speed was specified as 90 percent ofthespoutingvelccity. Thiscompromisewas necessitated by the fact tSat the majority of the turbines investigated would be exhausting wet steam. 3. A ratio of the turbine rotor tip radius to the last stage rotor blade height of 11.5 was specified. This was an average value taken from past radial outflow designexperienca. Theratioisrelatedtotherotor's mechanical design. Substitution of these values int-o the Re equation produces this result: using the continuity equation as follows: b= mveN 60060 (Vsp)* Turbine shaft speed (N) selection is ?iscussed in detail in a latersection. Itisbasedonthesefactors: 1. Available commercial gearboxes and generators. 2. Turbine mechanical design limits. EFFICIENCY--LAST STAGE Turbine state-of-the-art performance, listed in Figure 3 , is shownplottedasafunctionofReynoldsnumberinFigure4. The data of Figure 4 is for single stage subsonic flow turbines of bothradialandaxialflowconfigurations. Thefactthatallthe turbines of this correlation are subsonic is significant. For solar electric power generation, a multi-stage, subsonic flow Re = 2.59 The turbine rotor last stage exit blade height (b) can be defined 5 b2N K

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