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Radial Outflow Turbine for Solar Steam Rankine Engines

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Radial Outflow Turbine for Solar Steam Rankine Engines ( radial-outflow-turbine-solar-steam-rankine-engines )

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1. Turbine inlet temperature held constant, inlet pressure throttled to match load. 2. Turbine inlet temperature and pressure decreased to match load. 3. Turbhj inlet pressure held constant, inlet temperature decr2a:ed tomatchload. For each of the above operating methods, a set of assumptions was applied: these include: Turbine inlet volumetric flow rate held constant through- out the load range. Condenser heat rejection load divided by the differentis1 between condensing and ambient temperatures was hr' constant. Turbine shaft speed was held constant. ET1 and NP ur- bine part load efficiency was used to define the Rur' turbine off-design performance. Gearbox losses were held constant; thus, gearbox efficiency decreases with load as shown in Figure 31. Generator part load performance was taken from commercial data as shown in Figure 34. Feed pump and condenser power requirements were computed as defined in the section on Power Conversion Subsyskem Perforxnance Control and instrumentation power were held at a constant value of 0.5 percent of the full load power output. By holding the turbino inlet volumetric flow rate constant, the change in the turbine blade-jet (u/c) ratios is minimized dur- ing part load operation. This optimizes the turbine's off-design performance, as turbine efficiency is very sensitive to changes in this dimensionless parameter. OperaLing the condenser as described in Point 2 above will cause the condensing temperature of the steam to decrease with load. Thi;s,astheloaddecreases,thespecificvolumeofthe turbine exhaust steam will increase maintaining a volumetric flowratenearthedesignvalue. Thisalsowillcontributeto good turbine part load efficiency. Turbine part load efficiency as a function of the number of stages and load is shown in Figure 35. A very key assumption is built into Figure 35, which is: all turbine stages are subsonic. Thus, the maximum design pressure ratio varies as 3 Cunction of thenumberofstages. Usingtheequationdefinedpreviously,a chartshowingpressureratiovs. numberofstagesinFigure35 . 21

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