Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle Analysis

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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle Analysis ( supercritical-carbon-dioxide-cycle-analysis )

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S-CO2 plate S-CO2 plate Helium plate Sodium plate Helium plate S-CO2 plate S-CO2 plate Figure 1.4: PCHE with two S-CO2 plates to each Na plate and a helium fill-gas plate in between [Ludington et al., 2007]. The channels can be either straight or zig-zag channels, but are usually straight for sodium. Zig- zag channels improve the heat transfer coefficient by a factor of ~2.3, but have a pressure drop penalty. The PCHE codes at MIT model the heat transfer by nodalizing the heat exchanger core along the flow path and iterating along the heat exchanger length. A heat balance is solved for each node until the desired power is reached. Simplifying assumptions used in the PCHE models are very similar to those made in modeling shell-and-tube heat exchangers in Chapter 4. For the PCHE, they are: 1. Mass flow of each fluid is uniformly distributed among the channels. 2. Every unit cell has the same temperature within the heat exchanger core. 3. The wall channel is uniform around the channel periphery. 4. Zero heat is lost and axial conduction is negligible. 5. Kinetic and potential energy are neglected 6. Fluid properties are constant along a node. The total heat transfer coefficient is determined using correlations appropriate to the fluids being used and, in the case of PCHEs with a helium plate, by adjusting the conduction length of the plates to account for the thermal resistance of the helium channels. Detailed discussion of the solution methodology is available from Dostal [2004]. PCHEs, in general, have high power density. Leaks can be controlled by using the helium hybrid plate, but the small channels also mean that a single leak will not be likely to pose serious problems. Pumping sodium through narrow channels has been avoided in the past, but recent research shows that clean sodium can be pumped through narrow channels without 19 Unit cell

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