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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle Analysis

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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle Analysis ( supercritical-carbon-dioxide-cycle-analysis )

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Legault used similar derived-type structures for enthalpy, pressure, entropy, density, and many other characteristics of the LTR. Likewise, the HTR, pre-cooler, turbine, and compressors have their own variable names with derived-type structures. These are contained in the file modGlobalVariables.f90. This file has undergone only minor changes from CYCLES II to III. A new data type, optdata has been added. It consists of dimensions for the heat exchangers so the code can read through optimization results and select the dimensions consistent with the highest efficiency while optimizing the cycle. Other small changes include the addition of a throttle on the compressors. An input has been added so that the user can define a form loss coefficient to represent the throttle. These inputs are explained more in Appendix A. The form loss is necessary because, as TSCYCO shows, compressor throttles must be in the partially closed position at steady state operation in order to allow for controllability during transients. Form loss coefficients can be based upon experience from operating TSCYCO. In CYCLES III, Legault’s nomenclature was expanded to the subroutines that compute the performance of each component of the cycle. The variable module modGlobalVariables has been expanded to: EXPAND COMPRESS PCHEVOL PRECOOLER The subroutine for the turbine The subroutine for compressors The recuperator subroutine The precooler subroutine This increases the general readability of the code. 2.2.2 Optimization and Single Point Calculations The optimization function available in Dostal’s original CYCLES has been returned in CYCLES III. The code is easier to use than the original because it simplifies the outputs for the user and minimizes the manipulation of data required on the part of the user. The optimization approach is “brute force”, iterating from an initial guess of recuperator volumes until the efficiencies of many different configurations have been examined. The heat exchangers in the S- CO2 cycle are assumed to be counter-flow PCHEs, without a detection gas plate. Optimization is performed by selecting a total volume of heat exchangers. This total volume will then be divided among the pre-cooler, High Temperature Recuperator (HTR), and Low Temperature Recuperator (LTR) until the configuration of highest efficiency is found. In the original CYCLES, an output file called res.txt listed heat exchanger volumes and the resultant cycle efficiency, as shown in Figure 2.6. 28

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