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Rankine, or supercritical water cycle. The range of system pressures in the steam cycle can vary substantially as well. In this study, two core outlet temperatures will be compared: 510 oC and 530 oC and the steam cycles will be assumed to operate at 15.5 MPa and 23 MPa (supercritical). 5.4.1 Methodology By assuming a core outlet temperature, a primary mass flow rate of 1256 kg/s, and a thermal power of 250 MW, the primary fluid cold leg temperature is known. With this information, the P-IHX, then the S-IHX, and finally the PCS are examined to determine the efficiency of the cycle. In order to compare different options, the dimensions of the ABR-1000 heat exchangers have not been exceeded. The much higher flow rate in CO2 heat exchangers causes pressure drops to become excessively large if the flow length is allowed to be longer than about 2 m. Therefore, the CO2 PCHE has the same dimensions as the water PCHE, but the flow direction is changed to create a shorter flow path through the monolithic block. Table 5.3 lists the standard dimensions of etched channels in the PCHEs and the standard tube dimensions for shell-and-tube heat exchangers. For comparison, they have been kept constant in every design, though in reality the designer could have considerable leeway. For PCHEs, the dimensions do not correspond exactly due to their rectangular shape. Table 5.3: Standard channel dimensions used for PCHEs in this study Plate Thickness Channel Diameter Channel Pitch Helium Plate Thickness Helium Plate Channel Diameter Formed Plate Thickness Formed Plate Channel Height Formed Plate Channel Width 1.50 mm 2.50 mm 3.00 mm 0.50 mm 0.30 mm 2.00 mm 2.50 mm 3.00 mm The PCSs are standardized as well. The CO2 cycle modeled in CYCLES III is a 500 MWth cycle, operating with a maximum pressure of 20 MPa and 70 m3 of heat exchanger volume. Though the heat exchangers are designed for 250 MWth, the 500 MWth cycle is used to determine efficiency because the compressor efficiencies determined in Chapter 3 applied to the 500 MWth cycle. Two intermediate loops of 250 MWth could be coupled to each of the 500 MWth power cycles. CYCLES III is used to determine the efficiency of the recompression cycle based on pressure drops and temperatures calculated in the S-IHX. The mass flow rate through the S-IHX is held constant for the CO2 cycle at 1250 kg/s (for a 250 MWth cycle, doubled in CYCLES III for efficiency calculations). The Rankine cycle is modeled by STEAM PRO 16, 110PDF Image | Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle Analysis
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