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were eliminated in the pool design, the SFR would be in violation of the Technology Neutral Framework (TNF) because rupture of the IHX plenum could constitute a single failure that could lead to core damage when a gas bubble voids the core and causes positive reactivity insertion [NRC, 2007]. This can be prevented by the design of the vessel to include an appropriate redan separating the hot and cold sodium pools. In the loop design, primary sodium must be pumped out of the vessel and into the IHX via primary sodium piping. Switching to the loop design introduces the large LOCA as a credible accident sequence, and therefore must be evaluated for its safety consequences in the PRA. Intermediate loop pumping power ranged between 100 kW and 500 kW for each 250 MWth loop. The ABR-1000 reference design requires an intermediate pumping power of about 340 kW, so these numbers are in fair agreement. The overall pumping power of the intermediate loop is therefore about 30 % that of the primary pumps. From an overall plant efficiency standpoint, differences in intermediate pumping power will not result in efficiency differences of more than 0.16 %. High turbine inlet temperatures are possible with supercritical water cycles as well. Modeling the performance of the cycle was not achieved here, but water cycles operating at 23 MPa can achieve efficiencies about 0.4 % higher than those of 15.5 MPa Rankine cycles for comparable temperatures. In Tables 5.6 and 5.7 STEAM PRO 16 was used to determine an estimated efficiency for the supercritical water cycle by running at a steam pressure of 22.0 MPa. Increasing the steam pressure can produce benefits. Achieving a steam pressure of 17.5 MPa will increase the efficiency of the Rankine cycle about 0.21 % over that of the 15.5 MPa cycle. Heat transfer to boiling water at 17.5 MPa is not as effective as it is at 15.5 MPa, so a larger steam generator is required for higher pressures. The extra steam generator cost must be weighed against the gain in cycle efficiency. 120PDF Image | Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle Analysis
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