THE APPLICATION OF KENTUCKY POWER

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Figure 24: SchematicDiagram of the 500-ml Microcosms (septum allows for syringe gas collection) Test Stopper Stir Bar Stirp/late Each test condition was tested using either duplicate or triplicate runs to ensure reproducibilityofresults. Theunitswerechargedwithacandidatewastestream,amicrobial seed (collected from an operating anaerobic digester from the local municipal wastewater treatment plant), and various test amendments (vary by targeted condition under consideration). All incubations using the microcosms were done w i t h a temperature-controlledincubator (3OOCdependingonthetest). Notethatthemicrocosmswereoperatedinfullbatchmode. Test analytes commonly measured during testing includes liquid phase COD and pH (both runusing standard methods) and gas phase COz and CHq (bothrunusing gas chromatographyor GC). During bench testing, the first testing stage-gate decision needed was any reasonable production of gas was observed which provided evidence of some digestion potential for the candidatewastewater. Oncebiogasproductionisobserved,thenextphaseoftestingisto evaluate a series of operational conditionsasa means of optimizingthe process in terms of maximizing biogas methane composition (greater than 60% methane is considered good); maximizing the volume of biogas produced (greater than 4 cubic feet per pound of COD is good); and the reduction of the COD in the eMuent (liquid) to levels lessthan50 mg/l. Another phase of bench testing was the evaluation of optimized digestion conditions (determined from the microcosmruns)using a continuous flow bench-top reactor system (performedwithina5-literfermentationsystem). Figure25presentsaphotographofoneofthe fermentersusedinthecontinuousfeedruns. Notesinglereplicateswereusedinthistestphase. With these runs,the candidate wastewater is continuously fed into the reactor along with other amendments. Process pH was continuously monitored using an in-vessel pH probe. Off-gases from the unit were tested using the GC for m e b e and carbon dioxide on a periodic basis. 37 PD.8360793.2

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