WORKING FLUID SELECTION AND DESIGN OF SMALL-SCALE WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEMS BASED ON ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLES

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WORKING FLUID SELECTION AND DESIGN OF SMALL-SCALE WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEMS BASED ON ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLES ( working-fluid-selection-and-design-small-scale-waste-heat-re )

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60 4 Study on dry ORC working fluids hydrocarbons when the turbine power is in the range from 10 to 20 kW and the studied fluorocarbons represent only slightly lower rotational speeds. The turbine rotational speed decreases significantly when a higher turbine power level is considered. The lowest rota- tional speeds were calculated for turbines operating with siloxane MDM and the highest rotational speeds with hydrocarbon cyclopentane. The results of the blade height at the rotor inlet are presented in Figure 4.10a, Figure 4.10b, and Figure 4.10c. The studied siloxanes and fluorocarbons represent turbines with 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 50 100 150 200 Turbine power, [kW] cyclohexane cyclopentane toluene octane pentane isohexane 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 50 100 150 200 MDM MM (a) Turbine power, [kW] (b) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 50 100 150 200 Turbine power, [kW] R365mfc R245fa R245ca (c) Figure 4.10: Turbine blade height at the rotor inlet as a function of turbine power with different (a) hydrocarbons, (b) siloxanes, and (c) fluorocarbons. higher blade heights at the rotor inlet when compared to the studied hydrocarbons, espe- cially when compared to the hydrocarbons with the highest critical temperature, namely toluene or octane. The hydrocarbons represent blade heights below 1 mm at the low- Blade height at the rotor inlet, [mm] Blade height at the rotor inlet, [mm] Blade height at the rotor inlet, [mm]

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