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WORKING FLUID SELECTION AND DESIGN OF SMALL-SCALE WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEMS BASED ON ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLES

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WORKING FLUID SELECTION AND DESIGN OF SMALL-SCALE WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEMS BASED ON ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLES ( working-fluid-selection-and-design-small-scale-waste-heat-re )

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6.1 Design and flow analysis of the turbine (a) (b) (d) 85 Figure 6.5: The studied stator geometries and the velocity magnitude contours predicted by using k − ω SST-Turbulence model: (a) Geometry 1, (b) Geometry 2, (c) Geometry 3, (d) Geometry 4, and (e) Geometry 5. The simulation results for Geometry 5 are presented and discussed in more detail in the following. The pressure distribution on the long wall of the stator nozzle of Geometry 5 predicted by the two turbulence models are presented in Figure 6.6. The predicted ve- locity and pressure contours of Geometry 5 are presented in Figure 6.7 and Figure 6.8. The results of pressure distribution on the nozzle long wall indicate that both turbulence models predict similar shock wave locations, but slight differences can be noticed on the pressure peak presented in Figure 6.6. As it can be noticed from the velocity magnitude and pressure contours presented in Figure 6.7 and Figure 6.8, the stator blade trailing edge has a significant effect on the flow field at the stator outlet because of the occurrence of oblique shock waves and the presence of a viscous wake leaving the trailing edge. The oblique shock wave from the blade trailing edge is reflected from the nozzle longer wall further disturbing the flow. The k − ε turbulence model predicts slightly wider wake from the blade trailing edge and thicker boundary layer on the long wall of the nozzle, caused by the oblique shock wave from the blade trailing edge. The velocity magnitude, speed of sound, and Mach number of the flow during the ex- pansion of stator Geometry 5 are presented in Figure 6.9a and Figure 6.9b. As it can be observed from the results presented in Figure 6.9a and Figure 6.9b, the flow velocity in- creases rapidly after the nozzle throat section and decreases in a section where the oblique (e) (c)

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WORKING FLUID SELECTION AND DESIGN OF SMALL-SCALE WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEMS BASED ON ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLES

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