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EPA Combined Heat and Power Partnership Biomass CHP Catalog 4. Biomass Preparation Biomass feedstocks have to be prepared, stored, and transported to the energy conversion process before they can be used to generate power or produce steam. This chapter describes the requirements and costs of preparing solid biomass fuel and biogas fuel for power generation. 4.1 Solid Biomass Fuel Preparation The steps of preparation, storage, and transportation of a biomass feedstock comprise the preparation yard (prep-yard). The major requirements of a standard prep-yard can be divided into four categories:46 1. Receiving: truck tipper, conveyor, and radial stacker 2. Processing: reclaim feeder, conveyor, metal separator, dryer, screener, and grinder 3. Buffer storage: storage bin (24 hours) 4. Fuel metering conveyors, meters, and pneumatic transport Two typical prep-yard configurations are shown in Figures 4-1 and 4-2. Figure 4-1 includes manual feedstock handling steps that reduce capital costs but increase labor requirements. The manual approach to feedstock handling would be primarily used for smaller facilities. Figure 4-2 shows a fully automated prep-yard, which is more capital intensive but requires less labor. An automated system is only cost-effective for large biomass conversion systems. Both of these configurations are based on woody biomass feedstock. The discussions throughout this chapter are based on three systems: • 100 tons/day system based on manual biomass handling • 450 tons/day system based on automatic handling • 680 tons/day system based on automatic handling 46 The costs and schematics for this section are based on Antares Group, Inc., 2003. 4. Biomass Preparation 21PDF Image | Biomass Combined Heat and Power Catalog of Technologies
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