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EPA Combined Heat and Power Partnership Biomass CHP Catalog based on steam conditions that might be typical for a process heating-only application in the small 100 tons/day biomass unit (250 pounds per square inch gauge [psig] saturated steam), and higher steam pressures (750 psig) for a steam turbine CHP configuration in the larger units. The range of expected cost variations can be as high as +/- 35 percent depending on the site and system variables listed above. Steam conditions also have a significant impact on boiler cost; higher temperatures and pressures require thicker tubes and more expensive materials (see Table 5-5). Table 5-4. Estimated Installed Capital Costs for a Biomass-Fueled Steam Plant Biomass heat input (MMBtu/hr) 35.4 297.5 446.3 750 250,000 $10,790,000 $12,460,000 $23,250,000 $7,110,000 $30,360,000 $121 260,000 $19,790,000 $12,460,000 $32,250,000 $7,110,000 $39,360,000 $151 Biomass Fuel Feed (tons/day) Characteristics 100 600 900 Steam pressure (psig) 275 750 Stoker Boiler Integrated Steam Plant Steam output (lb/hr) Stoker boiler equipment cost Other equipment and installation Total Installed Boiler System Cost Total Installed Biomass Prep-Yard* Total Installed Steam Plant Cost Unit Cost ($/lb steam) 20,000 $1,195,000 $795,000 $1,990,000 $2,640,000 $4,630,000 $232 165,000 $7,980,000 $10,020,000 $18,000,000 $5,430,000 $23,430,000 $142 175,000 $14,490,000 $10,020,000 $24,510,000 $5,430,000 $29,940,000 $171 Fluidized Bed Integrated Steam Plant Steam output (lb/hr) Fluidized bed boiler equipment cost Other equipment and installation Total Installed Boiler System Cost Total Installed Biomass Prep-Yard* Total Installed Steam Plant Cost Unit Cost ($/lb steam) 20,000 $6,175,000 $795,000 $6,970,000 $2,640,000 $9,610,000 $480 *Prep-Yard costs are estimated based on the capital cost curve developed in section 4.1.5 Source: Based on data from Antares Group, Inc., 2003; discussion with equipment suppliers and developers. As shown in Table 5-4, the prep-yard and fuel handling system represents a significant portion of the total steam system costs, ranging from 15 to 25 percent of the total steam system costs for the larger sized units and 25 to 50 percent of the total cost of the 100 tons/day steam system. Fluidized bed boiler equipment costs are higher than the simpler stoker technology; the fluidized bed boiler itself is more than three times as expensive as a stoker boiler in the smallest size shown; in the larger sizes, the fluidized bed boiler is 35 to 40 percent more expensive. The unit capital costs ($/lb steam) for a biomass-fueled steam plant, including the prep-yard costs, are 20 to 25 percent more expensive for the larger fluidized bed systems. A portion of the higher capital cost is offset by the higher output due to higher efficiency. The cost of the boiler is also a function of the steam output conditions as shown in Table 5-5. Generating higher pressure and temperature steam requires special and more expensive alloys and thicker water tubes. Boilers producing very high pressure steam can be more than twice as expensive as boilers generating low pressure steam. 5. Biomass Conversion Technologies 39PDF Image | Biomass Combined Heat and Power Catalog of Technologies
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