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EPA Combined Heat and Power Partnership Biomass CHP Catalog Figure 5-11. Size and Cost Ranges for Direct-Fired Modular Systems68 Source: Smith, 2006. Modular gasification costs are estimated to be between $2,500 to $4,000/kW for the basic equipment with another $600 to $1,000/kW for a biomass storage bunker and $1,000 to $2,000/kW for installation. The hybrid gasification/combustion system by itself costs about $300/kW. This component must be matched with feedstock storage and delivery ($600 to $1,000/kW), small-scale boiler, small-scale steam turbine generator ($900 to $1,200/kW), and other equipment, including controls, cyclone fly ash recovery system, and exhaust stack. Overall installed capital costs would be $12,000 to $18,000/kW. O&M Costs Most modular systems are characterized by continuous operation, automatic ash and char extraction, automatic feed, and automatic process control. Maintenance of 0.5 to 3 hours per week is required for monitoring feedstock deliveries, ash removal, filter cleaning or replacement, and inspecting and fixing problems with the automatic feed system. In addition, prime movers such as internal combustion engines or microturbines require similar maintenance attention as for gas-fired systems. The overall costs and reliability of these systems has not yet been established. Commercial Status There are a number of small development companies working on modular biomass heat and power systems (listed in Appendix D). Most of the systems that have been installed in the United States are part of research, development, and demonstration projects funded by a variety of federal and state sources. DOE has an active research and development program on modular biomass as does USDA and the U.S. Forest Service. The United Nations also has an ongoing program in this area to develop village power systems using biomass. 68 Smith, 2006. 5. Biomass Conversion Technologies 61PDF Image | Biomass Combined Heat and Power Catalog of Technologies
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