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EPA Combined Heat and Power Partnership Biomass CHP Catalog Table 6-1. Comparison of Prime Mover Technologies Applicable to Biomass Characteristic Prime Mover Steam Turbine Gas/ Combustion Turbine Micro- turbine Reciprocating IC Engine Fuel Cell Stirling Engine Size Sensitivity to fuel moisture Electric efficiency (electric, HHV)* 50 kW to 250 MW N/A 5 to 30% 500 kW to 40 MW Yes 22 to 36% 30 kW to 250 kW Yes 22 to 30% Smaller than 5 MW Yes 22 to 45% Smaller than 1 MW Yes 30 to 63% Smaller than 200 kW No 5 to 45% Fuels Biomass/ Biogas fueled boiler for steam Biogas Biogas Biogas Biogas Biomass or Biogas Fuel preparation None PM filter needed PM filter needed PM filter needed Sulfur, CO, methane can be issues None Turn-down ratio Fair, responds within minutes Good, responds within a minute Good, responds quickly Wide range, responds within seconds Wide range, slow to respond (minutes) Wide range, responds within a minute Operating issues High reliability, slow start-up, long life, maintenance infrastructure readily available, High reliability, high-grade heat available, no cooling required, requires gas compressor, maintenance infrastructure readily available Fast start up, requires fuel gas compressor Fast start-up, good load- following, must be cooled when CHP heat is not used, maintenance infrastructure readily available, noisy Low durability, low noise Low noise Field experience Extensive Extensive Extensive Extensive Some Limited Commercializatio n status Numerous models available Numerous models available Limited models available Numerous models available Commer cial introduction and demonstr ation Commercial introduction and demonstr ation Installed cost (as CHP system) $350 to $750/kW (without boiler) ~ $700 to $2,000/kW $1,100 to $2,000/kW $800 to $1,500/kW $3,000 to $5,000 /kW Variable $1,000 to $10,000 /kW Operations and maintenance (O&M) costs Lessthan0.4 ¢/kWh 0.6to1.1 ¢/kWh 0.8to2.0 ¢/kWh 0.8to2.5 ¢/kWh 1to4 ¢/kWh Around1 ¢/kWh * Efficiency calculations are based on the higher heating value (HHV) of the fuel, which includes the heat of vaporization of the water in the reaction products. 6. Power Generation Technologies 63PDF Image | Biomass Combined Heat and Power Catalog of Technologies
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