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SC Johnson Cleans Up With CHP Cleaning products maker SC Johnson installed a 6.4-MW CHP in Racine, WI, to reduce energy costs and CO2 emissions. Two industrial turbines burn a combination of natural gas and methane from a nearby landfill to provide all the facility’s baseload electricity and make 40,000 pounds of process steam per hour. Benefits • Reduces plant CO2 emissions by 52,000 tons per year, the equivalent of taking 5,200 cars off the road. • Avoids methane energy from being wasted and flared at the landfill. • Supplants the facility’s need for natural gas. 18 AEO 2008. 19 Con Edison. 2005. Energy Infrastructure Master Plans—Hudson Yards and Lower Manhattan. Con Edison. 2005. System Reliability Assurance Study. 20 National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 2003. Consumptive Water Use for U.S. Power Production. NREL/TP-550-33905. Coal is the primary fuel for 52 percent of the electricity produced in the United States, and will grow to 57 percent by 2030 under business as usual. Natural gas accounted for 16 percent of electricity produced and is projected to be 11 percent in 2030.18 Faster deployment of CHP and other efficient technologies is needed to reverse these trends. Other Pollution, Land and Water Use Issues In addition to the large reductions in GHG emissions it can deliver, CHP can significantly cut mercury, NOx, and SOx emissions. CHP located near or at the point of use must meet all local criteria pollutant standards, which can be quite stringent in urban and highly populated areas. As an example, electricity generation from coal is the largest emitter of mercury, a toxic heavy metal. The great majority—93 percent—of existing CHP systems do not use coal as fuel and therefore emit no mercury. CHP systems are typically located at existing industrial or commercial facilities. Therefore, no new green space is required for their construction. There is usually no impact to local wildlife from existing or new installations of CHP systems. Siting at or near the customer may defer the construction of new distribution and/or transmission lines.19 In the United States, 89 percent of the energy produced in power plants is generated by thermoelectric systems. These thermally driven, water-cooled central station power generators use an enormous amount of water for cooling. While most of this water is withdrawn from rivers, groundwater, and other sources and returned, a small amount is consumed through evaporation in cooling towers and from cooling tower blowdown. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) estimates that almost half a gallon of water is evaporated at central station thermoelectric plants for every kWh of electricity consumed at the point of use.20 This issue is particularly important in western states and the Colorado River basin, where water supplies are limited. CHP recovers and recycles thermal energy and generally does not use condensers or cooling towers, therefore, its water consumption is much lower. 14 Combined Heat & Power: Effective Energy Solutions for a Sustainable FuturePDF Image | COMBINED HEAT AND POWER
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