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COMBINED HEAT AND POWER

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COMBINED HEAT AND POWER ( combined-heat-and-power )

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Local Energy Solution While the largest concentrations of existing installed CHP capacity are in a handful of states—California, Louisiana, New York, and Texas—CHP is deployable throughout the Nation. Distributed energy is often locally owned and controlled, so energy consumers and communities become direct stakeholders in their own energy supply. In some areas that are worried about their energy supply, CHP may be a way to attract new business in the face of transmission constraints or electricity shortages. Examples of opportunity and local, onsite fuels include: BIOMASS FUELS • Anaerobic digester gas • Biomass gas • Black liquor • Crop residues • Food-Process Residues • Landfill gas • Municipal solid waste (and refuse-derived fuel) • Wood and wood waste INDUSTRIAL PROCESS WASTE AND BY-PRODUCTS • Blast furnace gas • Coke (coal and petroleum) • Coke oven gas • Industrial volatile organic compounds • Textile waste FOSSIL FUEL DERIVATIVES • Coalbed methane • Wellhead gas PROCESSED OPPORTUNITY FUELS Remaining Technical CHP Potential CHP Is Applicable Throughout the US Unlike wind and solar generating technologies, CHP can operate 24 hours a day in any climate or location in the United States. The heat and power is produced at or near the site of consumption and therefore does not face T&D constraints. CHP is typically located at sites already zoned for commercial or industrial activities. CHP can be used in a wide variety of applications including large and small industrial facilities, commercial buildings, multi- family and single-family housing, institutional facilities and campuses, and district energy systems. CHP capacity is greatest in states with the largest thermal energy-dependent industrial sectors. The gulf coast of Louisiana and Texas has one of the largest concentrations of CHP capacity in the country, with about 24 GW (28 percent of total US CHP capacity). The region’s large petrochemical and petroleum- refining industries have enormous thermal demands and make expert use of CHP to provide their facilities with heat and electricity. California and New York also have more than 5,000 MW of installed CHP. Both states have large industrial demands, stringent air quality requirements, and effective policies that encourage adoption of CHP. Total Capacity 2006 (MW) 17,240 9,220 6,959 5,789 3,545 3,493 3,362 3,242 3,104 2,523 Combined Heat & Power: Effective Energy Solutions for a Sustainable Future 17 CHP Technical Potential = < 1,000 MW = 1,000 - 3,000 MW = 3,000 - 8,000 MW = > 8,000 MW • Tire-derived fuel Rank State 1 TX 2 CA 3 LA 4 NY 5 FL 6 NJ 7 AL 8 PA 9 MI 10 OR

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