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Chapter 2. Geothermal Development in Central America Central American power sector overview 17. Central America is a sub-region that presents large inequalities in a very heterogeneous set of countries. The sub-region, which includes for the purposes of this discussion, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama, has a cumulative population of approximately 40 million people with a regional average GDP per capita of about US$3,600. However, there is a broad economic range within these six countries from an upper middle income country, like Panama, whose average GDP per capita is approximately US$11,300, to an IDA-recipient country, Honduras, where the per capita GDP is about US$1,600. 18. Access rates vary widely among countries in Central America. As shown in Table 3, the average rate for the region was 82.8 percent in 2008 and there are still about 7-8 million people without electricity access. Most of the population which lack electricity resides in rural areas, as the rural access rates in Honduras and Nicaragua were below 50 percent. Table 3: Socioeconomic Overview for Central America, 2008 Country Costa Rica El Salva dor Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua Panama Average / Total Population (thousands) 4,533 7,218 Area Population (km^2) Density 50.9 89.1 20.9 345.4 Electrification rate (%), 2008* Total Urban Rural Population without access to electricity (million) 13,678 108.9 125.6 7,707 112.1 68.8 5,669 139 40.8 3,395 77.1 44.0 42,200 508.9 118.9 99.1 99.8 98 0 86.4 97.1 70 0.9 80.5 93.7 68 2.7 70.3 97.9 45 2.1 72.1 95 42 1.6 88.1 94 72 0.4 82.8 96.3 65.8 7.7 Source: Electricity Sector Statistics of Cepal, 2008 Annual Statistics and *IEA, 2008 http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/database_electricity/electricity_access_database.htm 19. The six Central American countries collectively generated nearly 39.4 TWh of electricity in 2008, equivalent to around 70 percent of the annual electricity supply of a medium-sized country in Latin America, such as Chile or Colombia. Of the electricity generated, 23.14 TWh (58.7 percent) comes from renewables. Installed generation capacity was on the order of 10,223 MW, of which 4855 MW (47.5 percent) is from renewable (Table 4). 8PDF Image | Drilling Down on Geothermal Potential Central America
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