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Geothermal energy as the least cost option for electricity generation 26. In Central America, the dominant generation technologies include hydro, thermal (both liquefied natural gas/combined cycle and heavy fuel oils), and geothermal, according to the regional indicative expansion plan 2009-2023 developed by the Central America Electrification Council (Consejo de Electrificación de América Central or CEAC), a regional power planning group. Wind and biomass power plants were included in the expansion plan but were not analyzed in detail due to their intermittent and seasonal nature. This expansion plan included a number of ‘generic’ geothermal power plants which represent resources which are thought to be available but which have yet to be identified. Table 8 shows the geothermal projects included as candidate plants, together with their estimated investment costs. According to this plan, total geothermal capacity which could be developed in the long term within the region would amount to around 770 MW in a dozen sites, of which 535 MW are still unidentified. 27. According to the regional expansion plan, the levelized costs of geothermal, hydro, and thermal plants are US$46/MWh, US$72/MWh, and > US$100/MWh respectively, based on the following assumptions. Please note these data are extracted from the regional expansion plan without any modification, even though some of the values are debatable as discussed below. x In the case of hydro plants, investment costs of US$2500/kW, a 50-year life span, US$15/kW per year for O&M, and 50 percent plant factor; x In the case of geothermal plants, similar investment costs of US$2500/kW, a plant factor of 85 percent, a 25-year life span, and approximately US$25/kW per year for O&M; Table 8: Geothermal Plants Included in the CEAC Regional Expansion Plan 2009-2023 13PDF Image | Drilling Down on Geothermal Potential Central America
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