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Lessons from other jurisdictions can also increase the financial risk that a company has to bear before they have fully explored the resource potential.164 Bidding processes exist in the U.S., B.C. and Australia. The bidding process was identified as a barrier to geothermal energy development in B.C. because it is onerous to administer.165 A schedule of regular postings of geothermal leases was cited as an important component of a bidding process so that industry can incorporate the timing into their planning.166 • An application process, similar to staking for mineral rights, was suggested as more appropriate for geothermal energy development by some interviewees.167 In advance of an application, a proponent would have to do preliminary work in geological mapping and geophysical studies. The proponent’s application would be assessed based on their technical and financial ability to do the work. An application process is used for non- competitive lease sales on federal U.S. land, and state land in California. In Australia, several states compare the applicants, and competing applications are evaluated on the merits of the work program proposed and the benefit to society. Regardless of the system used, the successful company should have requirements to conduct work, report on the resource, and prove their financial and technical capabilities. The conditions of leasing should include work commitments and a requirement to supply data to governments about the resource through exploration (after a blackout period) as is often required of subsurface exploration conducted by other industries.168 Several interviewees suggested that where data requirements are not mandated, data acquisitions should be mandatory for all industries that conduct subsurface exploration.169 In New Zealand, while large utility companies conducted much of the exploration of geothermal resources in the country, unfortunately geoscience data was not collected by the government for public policy purposes.170 4.4.2 Licensing authority The licensing authority for geothermal energy could be the same government agency that is responsible for other subsurface resources. The capacity and knowledge of regulators to manage geothermal energy development was raised by interviewees. In New Zealand and Italy, where the responsibility to manage resources fell to the regional governments, lack of expertise to properly manage the resource was mentioned as a 164 Personal communication, Tim Thompson, Borealis GeoPower, February 7, 2011. 165 Personal communication, Tim Sadlier-Brown, Sadlier-Brown Associates, November 1, 2010; Craig Dunn, Borealis GeoPower, December 1, 2010 and Alison Thompson, Canadian Geothermal Energy Association, January 26, 2011. 166 Personal communication, Alison Thompson, Canadian Geothermal Energy Association, January 26, 2011. 167 Personal communication, Chris Bromley, GNS Science, November 13, 2010, Tim Sadlier-Brown, Sadlier-Brown Associates, November 1, 2010, and Tim Thompson, Borealis GeoPower, December 1, 2010. 168 Personal communication, Jim Lawless, Sinclair Knight Merz, December 9, 2010, and Kermit Witherbee, Bureau of Land Management, December 10, 2010. 169 Personal communication, Craig Dunn, Borealis GeoPower, December 1, 2010 and Alison Thompson, Canadian Geothermal Energy Association, January 20, 2011 170 Personal communication, Jim Lawless, Sinclair Knight Merz, December 9, 2010. The Pembina Institute 42 Building a regulatory framework for geothermal development in the NWTPDF Image | geothermal energy development in the NWT
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