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P. Colonna, S. Rebay, J. Harinck and A. Guardone In order to determine the discretization error level, a grid convergence study is per- formed by computing the solution on three increasingly finer grids using the accurate SW EoS. The fine grid and the coarse grid are generated by, respectively, halving and doubling the number of grid elements with respect to the initial medium grid. The coarse grid consists of 1398 nodes and 2066 elements, the medium grid of 2511 nodes and 4000 elements and the fine grid of 4642 nodes and 7838 elements. Fig. 1(a) shows the coarse grid and the blade geometry. Fig. 1(b) shows the Mach number distributions solved on the coarse, medium and fine grid, for design-point operating conditions. They are plotted as a function of the reduced coordinate S/C, in which S is the curvilinear distance along the blade profile and C is the blade chord, starting from the theoretical stagnation point defined by X/Cax = 0, where X is the axial coordinate and Cax is the axial chord. From this result, it appears that the computed solution is grid-independent. The fine grid is therefore used for all subsequent simulations. 3.2 Design-point simulation The computation on the fine grid using the accurate SW EoS is used to investigate the flow field of the expansion process at design-point operation. The two-dimensional flow field is plotted in Fig. 2 by visualizing the Mach number and superimposing the isobars and streamlines. From the inflow boundary on the left hand side of the domain, the fluid accelerates through the passage formed by the stator blade cascade to supersonic velocities. At the blade trailing edge, an over-expansion region can be observed. Further downstream, the flow is bent slightly into itself resulting in a weak oblique shock. Ma 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.0 Figure 2: Flow field Mach number including isobars and streamlines at design-point operation. The figure aspect ratio is distorted, since the turbine design is confidential property of the manufacturer. 8PDF Image | REAL-GAS EFFECTS IN ORC TURBINE FLOW SIMULATIONS
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