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3 and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines have hydroelectric plants but their importance has been dwindling over the years. Solar energy in the form of photovoltaic cells are used primarily for hot water heating in homes in the region, mainly in Barbados and Saint Lucia. Solar panels also power navigational equipment and other beacons in the region, but there is no case of a grid connected solar energy source. The potential It is necessary to caution that the case is not made here for a total break with fossil fuel energy. That would be impractical. However, for the reasons mentioned and in order to reduce the drain on scarce foreign exchange reserves, a case can be made for the region to develop hybrid systems to take advantage of the resources that are available. What is suggested is the development of those energy sources that are most abundant on an island-by-island basis to supplement or complement oil-generated energy and electricity. Given the present state of the technologies, wind, geothermal and mini-hydro energy sources seem to offer the best opportunities for grid connected electricity generation, while photovoltaics and biomass may be included in a total energy package for the region. Wind It is estimated that most of the islands have suitable wind patterns for generating electricity. However, actual studies have not been carried for validation, including the production of reliable data for design and positioning of equipment. Advances in material science have corrected many of the earlier problems of corrosion and gearbox failures of earlier turbines, to the extent that most manufacturing companies can now give a 15-year guarantee on their products. In addition, the design of larger units of approximately 500 kilowatts now make it possible to generate a substantial amount of energy from a wind farm utilizing a smaller area, thus increasing the efficiency. One of the arguments put forward against wind turbines, especially by the solar energy companies, is that they are noisy. However, in the places where wind turbines are operational, persons living nearby disprove that argument by saying that they are no noisier than a hand-held boom box or loud car speakers. Another argument advanced is that wind farms utilize large amounts of space, which could otherwise be used. Again, in practice, the opposite is true. In Wales, for example, farmers graze their livestock in the area of the wind farm, giving farmers another source of income in the same land area. The height of the towers necessary to support the turbines is given as another reason for the lack of support for wind as a source of energy. A factor, it is argued, that must be considered, given our geographic position within the hurricane belt. It can be argued, however, that this is a consideration for any type of structure in the region and there are ways to minimize the deleterious effects of hurricanes on buildings and structures. Wind energy has potential for use as an energy source in the agricultural sector, specifically for irrigation. With furrow irrigation proving to be very inefficient and many water sources in the Caribbean situated in valleys, it is necessary to pump water for sprinkler or drip irrigation systems. Since most farms are outside of the area of the electricity grid, small windPDF Image | RENEWABLE ENERGY IN THE CARIBBEAN
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