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Advanced Nuclear Power Technology Program A Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors

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Advanced Nuclear Power Technology Program A Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors ( advanced-nuclear-power-technology-program-supercritical-carb )

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2.3.7 Supercritical CO2 Cycle for Shipboard Application Another possible recognized application of the supercritical CO2 cycle is for shipboard application. The very compact and highly efficient supercritical CO2 cycle can realize volume and fuel savings for ships. This application was investigated by O. Combs [Combs, 1977]. In his thesis Combs focused on the Feher cycle and the recompression cycle (both cycles have been described in the preceding sections). The conclusion of the work was that both cycles achieved large fuel savings (Feher cycle ~25% saving, recompression cycle ~27% saving) and are therefore suitable for ship propulsion. Combs selected the simple Brayton cycle as a primary option due to its higher compactness, which is very important for the shipboard application. For a terrestrial application the situation is different. 2.4 Supercritical CO2 Cycle – the Revival Despite all prior investigations the supercritical CO2 cycle has not been deployed in practice. The main reasons were insufficient turbomachinery experience, lack of suitable compact heat exchangers and the absence of a suitable (e.g. nuclear) heat source. In the past several years high temperature gas-cooled reactors and medium temperature liquid metal or molten salt reactors have been given renewed attention. Economics of the overall power station, including the power conversion system, play a key role in determining whether their actual deployment takes place. As more thermally and cost efficient power cycles are sought, gas working fluid cycles, mainly the helium Brayton cycle, have become of prime interest. Given the significant technological development of turbomachinery and compact heat exchangers in the past two decades the closed gas turbine cycles are getting a second look. Specifically, the investigation of supercritical CO2 cycles has started again. 2.4.1 Supercritical CO2 cycle at the Czech Technical University In 1997 an investigation of the supercritical CO2 cycle for possible use in new power plants was conducted at the Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic 34

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