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of re-heat is used the total pressure ratio is the pressure ratio corresponding to the first turbine inlet pressure divided by the second turbine outlet pressure. Another main parameter is the compressor or turbine inlet pressure. The last important parameter that has to be specified is the total to total turbine and compressor efficiency. A constant value can be supplied if only the steady state analysis is desired. However, CYCLES allows for off-design cycle performance calculations. If the turbine and compressor off- design maps are specified the code can calculate the turbine and compressor efficiencies based on the operating conditions that were specified in the preceding paragraph, namely the mass-flow rate and the rotational speed of the machine. The shaft is synchronized with the grid in this work, therefore the rotational speed is 3600 rpm. If multiple turbines in series (re-heating) or multiple compressors in series (inter- cooling) are used their number has to be specified. For modeling of the inter-coolers or re-heaters only the pressure drop is specified. In the case of inter-coolers there is a possibility of actually calculating the inter-cooler pressure drops and pumping power by subroutine PRECOOLER. CO2 is a real gas. This is especially true for compressors, which are located close to the critical point in order to minimize the compressor work. Therefore unlike for ideal gas, when optimizing the compression process it might be desirable to split the pressure ratio unequally among the compressors. Vectors of pressure ratio fractions RAFRAC for COMPRESS and RAFRAT for EXPAND can be specified. Each node in these arrays specifies what fraction of equal pressure ratio split is used for the specific turbine or compressor. For example, in the case when the pressure ratio is split equally between two compressors or turbines RAFRAC or RAFRAT would be 1. The subroutines COMPRESS or EXPAND are used to calculate the compressor or turbine work in kJ/kg. In addition if inter-cooling or re-heating is used the subroutines also collect information on the heat rejected from the cycle during the compression process or heat added to the cycle in the expansion process both in kJ/kg. Finally, if the design of inter-coolers or re-heaters is required the subroutines COMPRESS and 41PDF Image | Advanced Nuclear Power Technology Program A Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors
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