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Another thing that slightly changes the design of the intermediate heat exchangers and re-heaters is the fact that re-heating increases the inlet temperature of the secondary fluid (supercritical CO2) in the heat exchangers due to the improved cycle regeneration. Therefore, higher reactor inlet temperatures than those for the cycle without re-heat are necessary. Nevertheless, the effect of re-heating on the indirect cycle performance is beneficial. The detailed comparison among the different indirect cycles is presented in the next section. 7.4.3 Comparison of Different Helium Indirect Cycle Options Based on the results calculated for different reactor inlet and outlet temperatures the temperature pairs that achieve the lowest relative capital cost were selected. Figure 7.12 shows the values of the relative costs for different reactor outlet temperatures. Based on Alloy 800 material data the optimum reactor outlet temperature is on the order of 740 – 760oC. Again it should be stressed that this takes into account only the design of the heat exchangers and does not include the additional cost increase associated with the increase of the system operating temperature and other cost effects of the indirect cycle. If temperatures above 700oC were available, and the overall plant cost increase due to operation at this temperature were not significant, then using more than one re-heat may be economically tolerable. However, the displayed costs do not include the additional cost differences due to the increased system complexity. From the calculated data there is only about 0.7% saving, which leaves, for a 300 MWe plant, costing about 1000 $/kWe, only about 2.2 million for the additional investments associated with the second stage of re-heat. Using one re-heat stage at 660oC introduces ~ 2.3% savings, which again for a 300 MWe plant costing 1000 $/kWe translates into about 7 million dollars. It is mainly the turbomachinery cost that is affected by re-heat. The cost of the reference turbomachinery estimated in Chapter 8 is 46,000K$. Its contingency is about 24%, therefore the uncertainty on the cost is about 11,000K$. Thus both one and two stages of re-heat do not constitute savings higher than the turbomachinery cost 170PDF Image | Advanced Nuclear Power Technology Program A Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors
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