Appendix A Energy Conversion Factors Btus quads calories kWh

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Appendix A Energy Conversion Factors Btus quads calories kWh ( appendix-energy-conversion-factors-btus-quads-calories-kwh )

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A­8 AAPG – American Association of Petroleum Geologists. The professional society of petroleum geologists, the source of information on bottom­hole temperatures used in this report. Abandonment temperature – The average temperature of the active reservoir rock volume at the time heat­extraction operations cease. Acoustic emissions – Elastic waves produced by defects in a material when that material is placed under stress. AFE – Authorization for expenditures. The estimated and actual expenditures for wells drilled by a company. Annualized costs – Determined by using a fixed charge rate applied to invested capital, adding an annualized operating cost, and dividing the sum by the annual electric generation. Annualized revenues – Calculated returns based on a full year. Base load – The minimum amount of power that a utility or distribution company must make available to its customers, or the amount of power required to meet minimum demands based on reasonable expectations of customer requirements. Base­load values typically vary from hour to hour in most commercial and industrial areas. Basin and Range – An area of about 800,000 km2 extending over southeastern Oregon, Nevada, western Utah, southeastern California, southern Arizona, and southwestern New Mexico, characterized by more than 200 low mountain ranges interspersed with shallow basins generally oriented north­northeast by south­southwest. The orientation is controlled by active or recently active normal (extensional) fault systems bounding tilted fault blocks of horst/graben pairs. Baumann rule – The isentropic efficiency of a vapor turbine operating in the two­phase, liquid­ vapor region, is reduced 1% for each 1% of moisture present, on average, during the total expansion process. BHT – Bottom­hole temperature. A measured temperature in the borehole at its total depth. The bottom­hole temperature (BHT) is taken as the maximum recorded temperature during a logging run or, preferably, the last series of runs during the same operation. BHT is the temperature used for the interpretation of logs and heat flow at geothermal gradient. Farther up the hole, the correct temperature is calculated by assuming a certain temperature gradient. The BHT lies between the bottom­hole circulating temperature (BHCT) and the bottom­hole static temperature (BHST). Binary cycle – An energy­conversion system that uses a closed Rankine cycle having an organic working fluid that receives heat from a hot geofluid and rejects waste heat to the surroundings while generating electrical power. Appendix C Glossary of Scientific Terms and Abbreviations Appendix C Glossary of Scientific Terms and Abbreviations

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