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Glossary of Scientific Terms and Abbreviations Appendix C kWt – Kilowatts thermal. A measure of thermal power or rate of heat transfer. One kWt equals one thousand thermal watts. Learning curve – A curve plotting performance against practice. The principle states that the more often a task is performed, the lower the cost will be to do it. The task can be the production of any good or service. An example is the decline in unit costs with cumulative output. Sometimes called an “experience curve.” Levelized electricity cost (LEC) – The levelized cost of energy (or levelized electricity cost, LEC) is the most common basis used for comparing the cost of power from competing technologies. The levelized cost of energy is found from the present value of the total cost of building and operating a generating plant over its expected economic life. Costs are levelized in real dollars, i.e., adjusted to remove the impact of inflation. Lithology – The detailed geologic and mineralogic characteristics of a rock formation, often obtained by taking cuttings of the rock layers as drilling is carried out. A15 Load center – A particular geographical area within a utility’s service territory where electrical energy is used. Lost circulation – A drilling problem that arises when the circulation of the drilling fluid is interrupted and it does not return to the surface. Microseismic events – Very weak acoustic emissions often associated with the injection or recovery of fluids from a geothermal reservoir. Magnitudes are usually too weak to be detected by humans. MIT EGS Model – A model enhanced by the MIT Energy Laboratory as part of its research into EGS systems sponsored by the Geothermal Technologies Office of the U.S. Department of Energy; it was further modified by Brian Anderson of MIT as part of this assessment. The model has been updated using the results of this study with regard to the cost of drilling, plant costs, stimulation costs, and the learningcurve analysis. MITDD – MIT Depth Dependent drilling cost index. This is used to normalize geothermal well costs from the past 30 years to year 2004 U.S. dollars. Mud – Drilling fluid. Used to flush the borehole of cuttings produced during drilling and to support the walls of the hole prior to the setting of casing. For liquiddominated and EGS reservoirs, muds consist of aqueous solutions or suspensions with various additives chosen to provide appropriate thermal and fluid properties (density, viscosity, corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity, etc.). For vapordominated reservoirs, air is often used for the drilling fluid to avoid the possibility of clogging the fine fractures associated with a vapor system. MWe – Megawatts electric. A measure of electric power generation. One MWe equals 1 million watts or 1,000 kilowatts.PDF Image | Appendix A Energy Conversion Factors Btus quads calories kWh
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