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EGEC – EUROPEAN GEOTHERMAL ENERGY COUNCIL The first part of Power Plant 4 was commissioned in September 1989, with three 1.2 MWe ORMAT ORC units. On these units, water-cooled condensers are utilized. The second part was commissioned in 1993 by adding four 1.2 MWe ORMAT units with air-cooled condensers. In 1995, the project for Power Plant 5 started out as a renewal of Power Plant 1. In Power Plant 5, a 30-MWe Fuji Electric extraction condensing steam turbine was commissioned in November 1999, and in April 2000, a district heating part of 75 MWth thermal power was commissioned. The plant maintenance and operating staff, consisting of 22 persons, regularly attend to 12 turbines, specifically, five steam turbines and seven Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) units. In addition, they look after 36 cooling fans, 17 geothermal wells and wellheads, 70 control valves, 100 pumps, 20 kilometer pipelines and thousands of valves that require maintenance. The Flow Stream It is practical to start with the “raw materials” of the plant, illustrated in fig. 6. The numbers in parentheses refer to details shown in this figure. We have geothermal steam and brine (1) and cold freshwater (2). Fig. 6: Flow schematic of Svartsengi geothermal heat and power plant in Iceland Brine (1) at 240 °C flows into the wells through the holes in a slotted liner. On its way up, the brine starts to boil because of the pressure drop. In the wellhead (3), there is a mixture of steam and brine at about 16 bar. The pressure is reduced to 6 bar before the mixture enters the connecting pipelines to the separators (4). From the separators, steam goes to the back-pressure turbine (5). Backpressure steam (6) is consumed either by the heat exchangers (7) or the ORCs (8). The back-pressure is controlled by control valves (9) venting the steam to the atmosphere through exhaust stacks (10). The brine (11) from the separator (4) is flashed into a low-pressure separator (12) operating at 0.8 bar. The brine then flows through a barometric pipe (13) into the “Blue Lagoon.” 7PDF Image | COMBINED GEOTHERMAL HEAT AND POWER PLANTS CHP
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