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EGEC – EUROPEAN GEOTHERMAL ENERGY COUNCIL From this brine, silica precipitates rapidly and makes the normally permeable lava practically watertight, and thus, the “Blue Lagoon” is formed in a trough in the lave field, about 20 meters above groundwater level. The cold 5 °C freshwater (2) is pumped from shallow wells and rifts about 5 km north of the power plant. The first stage in the heating process is the condenser of the water cooled ORCs (14). Here the water is heated to 25 °C. The next stage in the production of district heating water is a direct contact heat exchanger (15); where, the water is heated against the stream of low-pressure steam. At the same time, deaeration (degassing) of the water takes place. The deaeration is essential to prevent the water corroding the steel district- heating pipework. In the deaeration process, dissolved oxygen is eliminated. The deaerated water is pumped (16) through a series of plate heat exchangers; the first one heats the water to about 95 °C using back-pressure steam and the second (17) to over 100 °C or up to 117 °C depending on demand of the district heating system. The ORC (8) is a vapour power cycle. The working fluid in the cycle is isopentane, a hydrocarbon with a boiling point of 27 °C at atmospheric pressure. The back-pressure steam is used to heat the isopentane in an evaporator (18) at approximately 6 bar pressure. The isopentane gas is then expanded in a turbine (19) which turns a generator. A condenser (14) receives the gas from the turbine, the heat is removed with cooling water and the gas is condensed into a liquid at atmospheric pressure. Finally, the cycle is closed by pumping (20) the isopentane liquid again, under pressure, into the evaporator. Finally, the condensate is mixed with brine and injected back to the geothermal reservoir (21). The flow stream of Power Plant 5 is shown in fig. 7. Power Plant Ov-5 The new power plant at Svartsengi (OV-5) is designed for 3 MWe electricity generation and 70 MWth heating output. The district heating part is designed to heat from about 23 °C to 90-95 °C, and deaerate 240 kg/s of pre-heated freshwater coming from the ORMAT turbines. 8PDF Image | COMBINED GEOTHERMAL HEAT AND POWER PLANTS CHP
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