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R1233zd cycle analysis was done by using the same nozzle used in the 75.0 kW R245fa system and the same system component efficiencies. This results in an identical mass flow rate of 2.10 kg/sec through the turbine, at higher pressure ratio of 11.93 across the turbine inlet and exit, resulting in a power output of 80.4 kW at the shaft. Taking into account all the system parasitic losses the power available for use out of the system is 62.5 kW. The Carnot efficiency of this system is 25.73%. The efficiency based on power output at the shaft is 15.2%. Taking into account all the parasitic losses from the system components the efficiency drops by 22 % resulting in a net thermal efficiency of 11.8% out of the system. 4. COMPARISSION OF R1233ZD ORC SYSTEM WITH R245FA A drop in of R1233zd into R245fa based ORC systems would help realize a performance gain of 10 percent over the existing system, accomplished with little or no changes changes to the existing ORC system. In addition R1233zd has a low GWP of 6 when compared to R245fa with a moderate GWP of 950. Environmentally R1233zd would be a step forward towards low GWP low temperature ORC systems. This performance gain of 8.7 % could translate to reduction in $/kW and Return of Investment times by 8.7 % when looking at machines using similar amount of heat. The summary of the system performance with no changes in the turbine geometry is compared in Table 2. The cycle comparisons on T-s and P-h diagram are shown in Figure 9 & 10 respectively 2546, Page 5 System Performance Comparison Mechanical Shaft Power Output Gross Electric Power Out from Generator Total Heat Input Total Heat Rejected Pump Power Energy Balance Condenser Fan Power based on 0.012 kW.e/kW.th Net Power Out of Air Cooled System Thermal Efficiency based on Shaft Power Thermal Efficiency based on Generator Power Thermal Efficiency based on Air Cooled Net Power Units R1233zd R245fa [kW] 80.4 74.8 [kW.e] 74.0 68.9 [kW.th] 528.4 534.6 [kW.th] 459.7 470.8 [kW.e] 6.0 5.7 [kW] 0.00 -0.07 [kW.e] 5.5 5.6 [kW.e] 60.3 55.4 [%] 15.2% 14.0% [%] 14.0% 12.9% [%] 11.4% 10.4% Table 2: Fluid properties of R1233zd and R1233zd Figure 7: T-s diagram for R1233zd ORC cycle Figure 8: P-h diagram for R1233zd ORC cycle 15th International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference at Purdue, July 14-17, 2014PDF Image | Comparing R1233zd and R245fa for Low Temperature ORC Applications
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