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developing countries, and on overcoming challenges related to the environment and to social acceptance. Second generation of Renewables technologies include solar hot water systems, wind power, advanced biomass, wind-power and solar PV. These are entering markets today as a result of R&D investments by IEA/EU-Member States beginning in the 1980s, prompted by the oil price crises of that period and subsequently benefiting from their environmental appeal. Second generation of Renewables technologies have been commercially deployed, albeit with incentives to ensure cost reductions as a result of “market learning.” Markets for these technologies are strong and growing, but only in a few countries. The challenge is to broaden the base of the market to assure continued rapid growth worldwide. Third generation of Renewables technologies are still under development. Concentrating solar power, ocean energy, advanced geothermal, advanced biomass gasification and bio refinery technologies are part of it. Third generation of Renewables technologies have not yet been widely demonstrated or commercialised. They are on the horizon, may have comparable potential as other Renewables technologies but depend currently on getting sufficient attention and R&D funding. 4. Global Renewables Status Report 2010 Source: REN21-Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century, Renewables 2010, Status Report) The year 2009 was unprecedented in the history of renewable energy, despite the headwinds posed by the global financial crisis, lower oil prices, and slow progress with climate policy. Indeed, as other economic sectors declined around the world, existing renewable capacity continued to grow at rates close to those in previous years, including grid-connected solar PV (53 %), wind power (32 %), solar hot water/heating (21 %), geothermal power (4 %), and hydropower (3 %). Annual production of ethanol and bio-diesel increased 10 % and 9 %, respectively, despite layoffs and ethanol plant closures in the United States and Brazil. Highlights of 2009 include: For the second year in a row, in both the United States and Europe, more renewable power capacity was added than conventional power capacity (coal, gas, nuclear). Renewables accounted for 60 % of newly installed power capacity in Europe in 2009, and nearly 20 % of annual power production. China added 37 GW of renewable power capacity, more than any other country in the world, to reach 226 GW of total Renewables capacity. Globally, nearly 80 GW of renewable capacity was added, including 31 GW of hydro and 48 GW of non-hydro capacity. Wind power additions reached a record high of 38 GW. China was the top market, with 13.8 GW added, representing more than one-third of the world market — up from just a 2 % market share in 2004. The United States was second, with 10 GW added. The share of wind power generation in several countries reached record highs, including 6.5 % in Germany and 14 % in Spain. 15PDF Image | Economic Perspectives of Renewable Energy Systems
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