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Economic Perspectives of Renewable Energy Systems

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Economic Perspectives of Renewable Energy Systems ( economic-perspectives-renewable-energy-systems )

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and expanded renewable energy deployment is one of the key goals of the World Bank. Renewables are perceived by Third World Countries to provide solutions to many of their development challenges, including energy supply, diversity of the energy mix, local environmental problems, and rural development. One of the main findings of the EU survey on "Energy: Issues, options and technologies" – EUROBAROMETER, based on interviews with some 16 000 citizens from 15 EU Member States - is that the EU’s dependency on external energy supply is seen as a real problem, leading citizens to call for further research into new energy sources, such as nuclear fusion and renewable energies, and the development of new technologies for energy-saving methods. Some of the survey’s main findings are: • In general the image of Renewables is very positive. People have faith in these environmentally benign sources of energy and they assign a high priority to it, both in terms of research activities and policy measures. • As regards the perception of the EU’s long-term future, renewable sources of energy are perceived as being less expensive, particularly environment-friendly, and producing useful energy in sufficient quantities. • As far as energy-related research is concerned, EU citizens expect to see significant spin- offs for the protection of the environment and want more action in the field of renewable energy sources and cleaner means of transport. Accession to the European Union and the movement towards a European research area have, together with international obligations in the field of climate change, created a whole new context for energy research and technology. These institutional and market changes have led on one side to a shortening of the time horizons for energy research and technological development, and on the other to increased competition between national innovation systems. With this in view, the task of the energy research and energy technology concept is to establish medium term focus points which cover the areas not sufficiently dealt with by existing instruments, and to work out a clear position within the European Union. Its aim is to strengthen existing competencies in the energy sphere and to intensify research and technological development according to the main principles of sustainable development. The overall goal of an EU R&D initiative should be to achieve the leadership of EU-Member States in the area of renewable energy technologies. 12. Estimating the Future Energy Systems Even future energy systems is hard to foresee, there is no doubt about the global growth of energy consumption, the necessity for more decentralised and dispersed energy sources and systems in Europe and other larger regions. This means that larger contribution of Renewables in the global and European energy mix is necessary. Price trends for coal, oil and gas are important for planning future energy systems, but are less predicable. Important is the willingness for the transition from fossil fuels to Renewables. Large-scale market introduction of new technologies (i.e. wind-power, solar-power, bio-fuel production) will have an influence/impact to the environment as well to public acceptance. These 52

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