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2nd European Conference on Polygeneration – 30th March -1st April 2011 – Tarragona, Spain Figure 2 shows a simplified scheme of the cycle together with the monitoring system. The start-up cycle and the vacuum system are not displayed here. The gearbox and the excess cooling are neglected as well. The thermal oil heat input is measured via Kamstrup heat meters [14]/[15]. The caption dots p, T and m represent pressure, temperature and mass flow sensors. Values from these sensors are processed by the control system of the cycle via profi-bus. In November 2009 a profi-bus to TCP/IP interface has been installed. Via the OPC protocol the values can be displayed by the OPC-server and recorded by an OPC-client. For this purpose an OPC-client, based on the Softing [18] architecture has been developed. For the analyses hereinafter all sensors and relevant control parameters have been monitored with a time step of 10 seconds in datasets of 24 hours. The data are written to CSV-files from where they can be further processed. To derive the load characteristics of this cycle, data from the power plant and the ORC are unified. Based on the minute values empirical models have been calculated to clarify the influence of various parameters to the entire system. Results Empirical approach – entire cycle To show the dependencies of the electric output to various input variables a genetic algorithm analysis [17] has been used. To train the model minute values from 2008 have been taken. These results implied a strong dependency of electrical efficiency to thermal input and thermal oil supply temperature level on the primary side. The following simple equation could be determined. Equation 1: Electric output, empirical fit 0.127948 ; 144.514 ; c 0.682714; d 4.14555E-3 ;e 217.046 Despite the larger amplitudes in the model the overall deviation in the daily yield is 0.016%. The average deviation per minute value is between +3.38% and -7.13%. During the displayed day one stop-start-procedure occurred (~12:00). Figure 3: Empirical model of ORC, (1 day/01.04.2010) ; With: 3PDF Image | ElectraTherm Green Machine 190 to 240 F
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