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Chapter 2 Geothermal ResourceBase Assessment These numbers may be compared with the calculated thermal resource base for the Gulf Coast states calculated above. This value for the states of Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas is 1.5 x 106 EJ. This number does not include the offshore areas of the Gulf of Mexico. The amount calculated by Wallace et al. (1979) was 110,000 EJ. This value includes the stored thermal energy in both the on and offshore geopressure areas, but does not include the energy stored in dissolved methane or the hydraulic energy resulting from the naturally high pressures of geopressured fluids. In considering these estimates, it is important to note that the EGS values in this report include the entire states of Texas, Louisiana, and Mississippi, and not just the geopressure areas. The Wallace et al. (1979) value for the specific geopressure value could be considered to add to the baseline EGS figures from the analysis of stored thermal energy reported in Table A.2.1. This is because of the characteristics of the sedimentary basin resource. Wallace et al. (1979) used a value of approximately 20% for the porosity of the sediments. Because the heat capacity of water is about five times larger than that of rock, the stored thermal energy is approximately twice what would be present in the rock mass with zero porosity as assumed in the analysis summarized in Table A.2.1. The ability to extract the methane for energy from these areas is also an additional resource. Subsequent to these assessments, technologies for recovering geopressured energy were extensively studied by the U.S. DOE between 1979 and 1990. From late 1989 until early 1990, a 1 MWe plant was operated on the Pleasant Bayou well in the Texas Gulf Coast near Houston, which produced hot water and natural gas. About half of the power was generated by a binary cycle plant running on the thermal energy of the water, and about half generated by burning the gas in a reciprocatingengineoperated electric generator (Campbell and Hattar, 1990). The economics of the power generation at that time were not favorable, due to the low price of natural gas and oil, and the test was discontinued after the 6month trial run. The well had been flow tested for a period of about 5 years with limited drawdown, so the geologic system seemed to be a success, and the reservoir sufficiently large to sustain production for many years (Shook, 1992). With today’s higher gas costs and increasing demand for natural gas, geopressured systems deserve to be reconsidered, because their economics in today’s energy markets will be much more favorable as pointed out in a recent study (Griggs, 2005). 233PDF Image | Geothermal Resource Base Assessment
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