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The vision of the green economy SP/Di No 01-12 in Latin America and the Caribbean 13 UNEP also attaches a central role to the State and the public policies for correcting the distortions caused by harmful subsidies and externalized costs. Clean energy UNEP also states that replacing fossil fuels with clean energy and low-carbon technologies not only contributes to deal with environmental and climate change problems. As a matter of fact, new technologies that promote an efficient use of energy and resources offer opportunities for growth in new directions, offsetting “brown economy” job losses. The efficient use of resources – both energy and material resources – turns out to be a crucial commitment to attain better waste management, expansion of public transportation, green building and reduction of waste in the food supply chain. In short, UNEP found that a green economy values and invests in natural capital. A green economy can generate as much growth and employment as a brown economy, and outperforms the latter in the medium and long run, while yielding significantly more environmental and social benefits. Although in the short term economic growth under a “green” scenario may be less than under business as usual, in the longer term (2020 and beyond), moving towards a green economy would outperform business as usual by both traditional measures and more holistic measures. Moving towards a green economy will require world leaders, civil society and leading businesses to engage in this transition collaboratively. It will require a sustained effort on the part of policy makers and their constituents to rethink and redefine traditional measures of wealth, prosperity and well-being. Obviously, there are many risks and challenges involved in this endeavour. 14 However, the biggest risk of all may be remaining with the status quo. OECD: Green growth The OECD has also included the discussion of Green Growth in its agenda. In June 2009, Ministers from 34 countries signed a Green Growth Declaration, declaring that they will: “Strengthen their efforts to pursue green growth strategies as part of their responses to the crisis and beyond, acknowledging that green and growth can go hand-in-hand.”15 They endorsed a mandate for the OECD to develop a Green Growth Strategy, bringing together economic, environmental, social, technological, and development aspects into a comprehensive framework. The strategy outlined by the OECD responds to that mandate.16 14 In a number of important sectors, such as agriculture, buildings, forestry and transport, a green economy delivers more jobs throughout the short, medium, and long terms than business as usual. In sectors whose capital is severely depleted, such as fisheries, greening will necessitate the loss of income and jobs in the short and medium term to replenish natural stocks, but this is to prevent the permanent loss of income and jobs in these same sectors. This refers to the sustainability of the resource and, hence, economic activities. In such cases, transitional arrangements are needed to protect workers from negative impacts on their livelihoods. 15 Towards green growth: A summary for policy makers, May 2011. http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/58/34/44077822.pdf y http://www.oecd.org/document/10/0,3746,en_2649_37465_44076170_1_1_1_37465,00.html. 16 The strategy develops a referential policy framework that is flexible enough to adapt itself to different national circumstances and development stages. In conjunction with initiatives undertaken by other international organizations – including the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) and the World Bank – the OECD has planned its work on green growth in order to contribute to accomplishing the objectives of the Rio de Janeiro Summit.PDF Image | green economy In Latin America and the Caribbean
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