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Permanent Secretariat Extra-Regional Relations 36 Based on this score, Paraguay ranks first with 13 points: its reliance on non-renewable energy sources is very low (six points); its energy supply is mostly renewable (two points); its environmental impact contains low CO2 emissions and its energy sources are clean (five points, for 13 points on aggregate; it is closely followed by Costa Rica, 12; Salvador and Panama, 10, and Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti and Honduras, 8 points. It is worth mentioning that regardless of being a big country, Brazil got five in this score. This highlights the country endeavours to diversify its energy supply and move toward a green economy by using clean energy. In view of the foregoing, countries with the highest profile in terms of renewable energy sources are expected to be the first ones to implement policies oriented toward a green economy. In addition, they are supposed to be in a privileged position to share their experiences with other countries in the region about the policies and steps that enabled them to achieve such status. By the same token, the rest of LAC countries should make urgent changes in their energy-related policies to reconvert and green their economies and energy sources. 2010 Outlook of renewable energy sources in LAC LAC has still a long way to go in production and generation of renewable energy sources. Nevertheless, it is worth mentioning that nowadays several LAC countries stand out in the world in some types of renewable energy sources: As regards existent capabilities in 2010, Brazil occupied the second and fourth positions in the world in biomass and total capacity of renewable energy sources, including hydraulic energy. Mexico ranked fourth for its installed capacity in geothermal energy. With regard to the addition of renewable energy sources in 2010, Brazil excels in three items: it occupies position number 5 in new capabilities and position number 2 in production of ethanol and biodiesel. In this latter item, Argentina ranked third. ECLAC found that in 2010, electricity output in six Central American countries – Costa Rica, Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama – came from 65% of renewable energy sources (hydraulic energy, geothermal energy, sugar cane and wind), a record for the sub-region. In 2010, electricity output in these countries totalled 40,668.2 GWh; sales amounted to 34,579.6 GWh, a surge of almost 4% versus 2009. The increasing use of renewable energy sources is due to the growing hydroelectric output. In 2010, it was, for the first time, over the threshold of 20 terawatts-hour (20,974 GWh). In 2010, US$ 1.1 billion was invested in new generating powerhouses, a hike near 500 MW in installed capacity.25 Eolian energy LAC installed capacity in wind energy advanced 54% in 2010. Brazil and Mexico took the lead by adding 0.3 GW (Gigawatt) each. Notwithstanding, the LAC share in the world remains tiny. Anyway, wind energy projects in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Mexico, Nicaragua and Uruguay are encouraging signals. 25 ECLAC. Mexico Regional Head Office. The Central America Report: Statistics of the electric sub-sector 2010. Mexico. November 2011. http://216.122.62.22/view/index.asp?ms=258&pageMs=26402&item_id=94617PDF Image | green economy In Latin America and the Caribbean
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